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Rework documentation of std.format.write : formatValue
This commit is contained in:
berni44
The Dlang Bot
parent
c98180ccc6
commit
1c47f84cf6
2 changed files with 370 additions and 347 deletions
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@ -360,6 +360,44 @@ My friends are "John", "Nancy".
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My friends are John, Nancy.
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)
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Aggregates:
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`struct`, `union`, `class`, and `interface` are formatted by calling `toString`.
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`toString` should have one of the following signatures:
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---
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void toString(Writer, Char)(ref Writer w, scope const ref FormatSpec!Char fmt)
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void toString(Writer)(ref Writer w)
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string toString();
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---
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Where `Writer` is an $(REF_ALTTEXT output range, isOutputRange, std,range,primitives)
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which accepts characters. The template type does not have to be called `Writer`.
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The following overloads are also accepted for legacy reasons or for use in virtual
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functions. It's recommended that any new code forgo these overloads if possible for
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speed and attribute acceptance reasons.
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---
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void toString(scope void delegate(const(char)[]) sink, const ref FormatSpec!char fmt);
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void toString(scope void delegate(const(char)[]) sink, string fmt);
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void toString(scope void delegate(const(char)[]) sink);
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---
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For the class objects which have input range interface,
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$(UL
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$(LI If the instance `toString` has overridden `Object.toString`, it is used.)
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$(LI Otherwise, the objects are formatted as input range.)
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)
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For the `struct` and `union` objects which does not have `toString`,
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$(UL
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$(LI If they have range interface, formatted as input range.)
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$(LI Otherwise, they are formatted like `Type(field1, filed2, ...)`.)
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)
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Otherwise, are formatted just as their type name.
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Copyright: Copyright The D Language Foundation 2000-2013.
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Macros:
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@ -383,6 +421,300 @@ import std.range.primitives : isInputRange;
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import std.traits : CharTypeOf, isSomeChar, isSomeString, StringTypeOf;
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import std.format.internal.write : hasToString;
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/**
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* `bool`s are formatted as `"true"` or `"false"` with `%s` and as `1` or
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* `0` with integral-specific format specs.
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*/
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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formatValue(w, true, spec);
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assert(w.data == "true");
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}
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/// `null` literal is formatted as `"null"`.
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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formatValue(w, null, spec);
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assert(w.data == "null");
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}
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/// Integrals are formatted like $(REF printf, core, stdc, stdio).
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%d");
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formatValue(w, 1337, spec);
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assert(w.data == "1337");
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}
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/// Floating-point values are formatted like $(REF printf, core, stdc, stdio)
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@safe unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%.1f");
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formatValue(w, 1337.7, spec);
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assert(w.data == "1337.7");
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}
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/**
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* Individual characters (`char, `wchar`, or `dchar`) are formatted as
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* Unicode characters with `%s` and as integers with integral-specific format
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* specs.
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*/
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%c");
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formatValue(w, 'a', spec);
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assert(w.data == "a");
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}
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/// Strings are formatted like $(REF printf, core, stdc, stdio)
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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formatValue(w, "hello", spec);
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assert(w.data == "hello");
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}
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/// Static-size arrays are formatted as dynamic arrays.
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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char[2] two = ['a', 'b'];
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formatValue(w, two, spec);
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assert(w.data == "ab");
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}
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/**
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* Dynamic arrays are formatted as input ranges.
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*
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* Specializations:
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* $(UL
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* $(LI `void[]` is formatted like `ubyte[]`.)
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* $(LI Const array is converted to input range by removing its qualifier.)
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* )
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*/
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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auto two = [1, 2];
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formatValue(w, two, spec);
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assert(w.data == "[1, 2]");
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}
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/**
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* Associative arrays are formatted by using `':'` and `", "` as
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* separators, and enclosed by `'['` and `']'`.
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*/
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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auto aa = ["H":"W"];
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formatValue(w, aa, spec);
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assert(w.data == "[\"H\":\"W\"]", w.data);
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}
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/// `enum`s are formatted like their base value
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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enum A { first, second, third }
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formatValue(w, A.second, spec);
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assert(w.data == "second");
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}
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/**
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* Formatting a struct by defining a method `toString`, which takes an output
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* range.
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*
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* It's recommended that any `toString` using $(REF_ALTTEXT output ranges, isOutputRange, std,range,primitives)
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* use $(REF put, std,range,primitives) rather than use the `put` method of the range
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* directly.
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*/
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@safe unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : FormatSpec, singleSpec;
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import std.range.primitives : isOutputRange, put;
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static struct Point
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{
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int x, y;
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void toString(W)(ref W writer, scope const ref FormatSpec!char f)
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if (isOutputRange!(W, char))
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{
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// std.range.primitives.put
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put(writer, "(");
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formatValue(writer, x, f);
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put(writer, ",");
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formatValue(writer, y, f);
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put(writer, ")");
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}
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}
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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auto p = Point(16, 11);
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formatValue(w, p, spec);
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assert(w.data == "(16,11)");
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}
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/**
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* Another example of formatting a `struct` with a defined `toString`,
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* this time using the `scope delegate` method.
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*
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* $(RED This method is now discouraged for non-virtual functions).
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* If possible, please use the output range method instead.
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*/
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@safe unittest
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{
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import std.format : format;
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import std.format.spec : FormatSpec;
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static struct Point
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{
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int x, y;
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void toString(scope void delegate(scope const(char)[]) @safe sink,
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scope const FormatSpec!char fmt) const
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{
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sink("(");
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sink.formatValue(x, fmt);
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sink(",");
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sink.formatValue(y, fmt);
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sink(")");
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}
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}
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auto p = Point(16,11);
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assert(format("%03d", p) == "(016,011)");
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assert(format("%02x", p) == "(10,0b)");
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}
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/// Pointers are formatted as hex integers.
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@system pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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auto q = cast(void*) 0xFFEECCAA;
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formatValue(w, q, spec);
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assert(w.data == "FFEECCAA");
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}
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/// SIMD vectors are formatted as arrays.
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@safe unittest
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{
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import core.simd; // cannot be selective, because float4 might not be defined
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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static if (is(float4))
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{
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version (X86) {}
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else
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{
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float4 f4;
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f4.array[0] = 1;
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f4.array[1] = 2;
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f4.array[2] = 3;
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f4.array[3] = 4;
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formatValue(w, f4, spec);
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assert(w.data == "[1, 2, 3, 4]");
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}
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}
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}
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/**
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* Delegates are formatted by `ReturnType delegate(Parameters) FunctionAttributes`
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*
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* Known Bug: Function attributes are not always correct.
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* See $(BUGZILLA 18269) for more details.
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*/
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@safe unittest
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{
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import std.conv : to;
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int i;
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int foo(short k) @nogc
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{
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return i + k;
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}
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@system int delegate(short) @nogc bar() nothrow pure
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{
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int* p = new int(1);
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i = *p;
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return &foo;
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}
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assert(to!string(&bar) == "int delegate(short) @nogc delegate() pure nothrow @system");
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assert(() @trusted { return bar()(3); }() == 4);
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}
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/**
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Signals an issue encountered while formatting.
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*/
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@ -255,50 +255,33 @@ uint formattedWrite(Writer, Char, A...)(auto ref Writer w, const scope Char[] fm
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}
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/**
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* Formats any value into `Char` accepting `OutputRange`, using the given `FormatSpec`.
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*
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* Aggregates:
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* `struct`, `union`, `class`, and `interface` are formatted by calling `toString`.
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*
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* `toString` should have one of the following signatures:
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*
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* ---
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* void toString(Writer, Char)(ref Writer w, scope const ref FormatSpec!Char fmt)
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* void toString(Writer)(ref Writer w)
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* string toString();
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* ---
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*
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* Where `Writer` is an $(REF_ALTTEXT output range, isOutputRange, std,range,primitives)
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* which accepts characters. The template type does not have to be called `Writer`.
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*
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* The following overloads are also accepted for legacy reasons or for use in virtual
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* functions. It's recommended that any new code forgo these overloads if possible for
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* speed and attribute acceptance reasons.
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*
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* ---
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* void toString(scope void delegate(const(char)[]) sink, const ref FormatSpec!char fmt);
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* void toString(scope void delegate(const(char)[]) sink, string fmt);
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* void toString(scope void delegate(const(char)[]) sink);
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* ---
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*
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* For the class objects which have input range interface,
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* $(UL
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* $(LI If the instance `toString` has overridden `Object.toString`, it is used.)
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* $(LI Otherwise, the objects are formatted as input range.)
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* )
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*
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* For the `struct` and `union` objects which does not have `toString`,
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* $(UL
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* $(LI If they have range interface, formatted as input range.)
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* $(LI Otherwise, they are formatted like `Type(field1, filed2, ...)`.)
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* )
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*
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* Otherwise, are formatted just as their type name.
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*
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* Params:
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* w = The $(REF_ALTTEXT output range, isOutputRange, std,range,primitives) to write to.
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* val = The value to write.
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* f = The $(REF FormatSpec, std, format, spec) defining how to write the value.
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Formats a value of any type according to a format specifier and
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writes the result to an output range.
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More details about how types are formatted, and how the format
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specifier influences the outcome, can be found in the definition of a
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$(MREF_ALTTEXT format string, std,format).
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Params:
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w = an $(REF_ALTTEXT output range, isOutputRange, std, range, primitives) where
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the formatted value is written to
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val = the value to write
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f = a $(REF_ALTTEXT FormatSpec, FormatSpec, std, format, spec) defining the
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format specifier
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Writer = the type of the output range `w`
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T = the type of value `val`
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Char = the character type used for `f`
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Throws:
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A $(LREF FormatException) if formatting did not succeed.
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Note:
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In theory this function should be `@nogc`. But with the current
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implementation there are some cases where allocations occur.
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See $(REF_ALTTEXT $(D sformat), sformat, std, format) for more details.
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See_Also:
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$(LREF formattedWrite) which formats several values at once.
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*/
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void formatValue(Writer, T, Char)(auto ref Writer w, auto ref T val, scope const ref FormatSpec!Char f)
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{
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@ -311,316 +294,24 @@ void formatValue(Writer, T, Char)(auto ref Writer w, auto ref T val, scope const
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formatValueImpl(w, val, f);
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}
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/++
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The following code compares the use of `formatValue` and `formattedWrite`.
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+/
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///
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto writer1 = appender!string();
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writer1.formattedWrite("%08b", 42);
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auto writer = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%08b");
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writer.formatValue(42, spec);
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assert(writer.data == "00101010");
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auto writer2 = appender!string();
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auto f = singleSpec("%08b");
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writer2.formatValue(42, f);
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spec = singleSpec("%2s");
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writer.formatValue('=', spec);
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assert(writer.data == "00101010 =");
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assert(writer1.data == writer2.data && writer1.data == "00101010");
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}
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/**
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* `bool`s are formatted as `"true"` or `"false"` with `%s` and as `1` or
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* `0` with integral-specific format specs.
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*/
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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formatValue(w, true, spec);
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assert(w.data == "true");
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}
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/// `null` literal is formatted as `"null"`.
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
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formatValue(w, null, spec);
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assert(w.data == "null");
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}
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/// Integrals are formatted like $(REF printf, core, stdc, stdio).
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@safe pure unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%d");
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formatValue(w, 1337, spec);
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assert(w.data == "1337");
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}
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/// Floating-point values are formatted like $(REF printf, core, stdc, stdio)
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@safe unittest
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{
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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|
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auto w = appender!string();
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auto spec = singleSpec("%.1f");
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formatValue(w, 1337.7, spec);
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assert(w.data == "1337.7");
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}
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|
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/**
|
||||
* Individual characters (`char, `wchar`, or `dchar`) are formatted as
|
||||
* Unicode characters with `%s` and as integers with integral-specific format
|
||||
* specs.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
@safe pure unittest
|
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{
|
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import std.array : appender;
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import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
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||||
|
||||
auto w = appender!string();
|
||||
auto spec = singleSpec("%c");
|
||||
formatValue(w, 'a', spec);
|
||||
|
||||
assert(w.data == "a");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// Strings are formatted like $(REF printf, core, stdc, stdio)
|
||||
@safe pure unittest
|
||||
{
|
||||
import std.array : appender;
|
||||
import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
|
||||
|
||||
auto w = appender!string();
|
||||
auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
|
||||
formatValue(w, "hello", spec);
|
||||
|
||||
assert(w.data == "hello");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// Static-size arrays are formatted as dynamic arrays.
|
||||
@safe pure unittest
|
||||
{
|
||||
import std.array : appender;
|
||||
import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
|
||||
|
||||
auto w = appender!string();
|
||||
auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
|
||||
char[2] two = ['a', 'b'];
|
||||
formatValue(w, two, spec);
|
||||
|
||||
assert(w.data == "ab");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Dynamic arrays are formatted as input ranges.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Specializations:
|
||||
* $(UL
|
||||
* $(LI `void[]` is formatted like `ubyte[]`.)
|
||||
* $(LI Const array is converted to input range by removing its qualifier.)
|
||||
* )
|
||||
*/
|
||||
@safe pure unittest
|
||||
{
|
||||
import std.array : appender;
|
||||
import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
|
||||
|
||||
auto w = appender!string();
|
||||
auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
|
||||
auto two = [1, 2];
|
||||
formatValue(w, two, spec);
|
||||
|
||||
assert(w.data == "[1, 2]");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Associative arrays are formatted by using `':'` and `", "` as
|
||||
* separators, and enclosed by `'['` and `']'`.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
@safe pure unittest
|
||||
{
|
||||
import std.array : appender;
|
||||
import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
|
||||
|
||||
auto w = appender!string();
|
||||
auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
|
||||
auto aa = ["H":"W"];
|
||||
formatValue(w, aa, spec);
|
||||
|
||||
assert(w.data == "[\"H\":\"W\"]", w.data);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// `enum`s are formatted like their base value
|
||||
@safe pure unittest
|
||||
{
|
||||
import std.array : appender;
|
||||
import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
|
||||
|
||||
auto w = appender!string();
|
||||
auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
|
||||
|
||||
enum A { first, second, third }
|
||||
|
||||
formatValue(w, A.second, spec);
|
||||
|
||||
assert(w.data == "second");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Formatting a struct by defining a method `toString`, which takes an output
|
||||
* range.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* It's recommended that any `toString` using $(REF_ALTTEXT output ranges, isOutputRange, std,range,primitives)
|
||||
* use $(REF put, std,range,primitives) rather than use the `put` method of the range
|
||||
* directly.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
@safe unittest
|
||||
{
|
||||
import std.array : appender;
|
||||
import std.format.spec : FormatSpec, singleSpec;
|
||||
import std.range.primitives : isOutputRange, put;
|
||||
|
||||
static struct Point
|
||||
{
|
||||
int x, y;
|
||||
|
||||
void toString(W)(ref W writer, scope const ref FormatSpec!char f)
|
||||
if (isOutputRange!(W, char))
|
||||
{
|
||||
// std.range.primitives.put
|
||||
put(writer, "(");
|
||||
formatValue(writer, x, f);
|
||||
put(writer, ",");
|
||||
formatValue(writer, y, f);
|
||||
put(writer, ")");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
auto w = appender!string();
|
||||
auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
|
||||
auto p = Point(16, 11);
|
||||
|
||||
formatValue(w, p, spec);
|
||||
assert(w.data == "(16,11)");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Another example of formatting a `struct` with a defined `toString`,
|
||||
* this time using the `scope delegate` method.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* $(RED This method is now discouraged for non-virtual functions).
|
||||
* If possible, please use the output range method instead.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
@safe unittest
|
||||
{
|
||||
import std.format : format;
|
||||
import std.format.spec : FormatSpec;
|
||||
|
||||
static struct Point
|
||||
{
|
||||
int x, y;
|
||||
|
||||
void toString(scope void delegate(scope const(char)[]) @safe sink,
|
||||
scope const FormatSpec!char fmt) const
|
||||
{
|
||||
sink("(");
|
||||
sink.formatValue(x, fmt);
|
||||
sink(",");
|
||||
sink.formatValue(y, fmt);
|
||||
sink(")");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
auto p = Point(16,11);
|
||||
assert(format("%03d", p) == "(016,011)");
|
||||
assert(format("%02x", p) == "(10,0b)");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// Pointers are formatted as hex integers.
|
||||
@system pure unittest
|
||||
{
|
||||
import std.array : appender;
|
||||
import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
|
||||
|
||||
auto w = appender!string();
|
||||
auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
|
||||
|
||||
auto q = cast(void*) 0xFFEECCAA;
|
||||
formatValue(w, q, spec);
|
||||
|
||||
assert(w.data == "FFEECCAA");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// SIMD vectors are formatted as arrays.
|
||||
@safe unittest
|
||||
{
|
||||
import core.simd; // cannot be selective, because float4 might not be defined
|
||||
import std.array : appender;
|
||||
import std.format.spec : singleSpec;
|
||||
|
||||
auto w = appender!string();
|
||||
auto spec = singleSpec("%s");
|
||||
|
||||
static if (is(float4))
|
||||
{
|
||||
version (X86) {}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
float4 f4;
|
||||
f4.array[0] = 1;
|
||||
f4.array[1] = 2;
|
||||
f4.array[2] = 3;
|
||||
f4.array[3] = 4;
|
||||
|
||||
formatValue(w, f4, spec);
|
||||
assert(w.data == "[1, 2, 3, 4]");
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Delegates are formatted by `ReturnType delegate(Parameters) FunctionAttributes`
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Known Bug: Function attributes are not always correct.
|
||||
* See $(BUGZILLA 18269) for more details.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
@safe unittest
|
||||
{
|
||||
import std.conv : to;
|
||||
|
||||
int i;
|
||||
|
||||
int foo(short k) @nogc
|
||||
{
|
||||
return i + k;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@system int delegate(short) @nogc bar() nothrow pure
|
||||
{
|
||||
int* p = new int(1);
|
||||
i = *p;
|
||||
return &foo;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
assert(to!string(&bar) == "int delegate(short) @nogc delegate() pure nothrow @system");
|
||||
assert(() @trusted { return bar()(3); }() == 4);
|
||||
spec = singleSpec("%+14.6e");
|
||||
writer.formatValue(42.0, spec);
|
||||
assert(writer.data == "00101010 = +4.200000e+01");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// https://issues.dlang.org/show_bug.cgi?id=15386
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue