Done with the ascii module.

TODO.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 Cleaning things in core.
 
-* [ ] ascii
+* [x] ascii
 * [x] colors
 * [x] containers
 * [x] errors
@@ -16,9 +16,10 @@ Cleaning things in core.
 * [ ] types
 * [ ] unions
 
-Was working on ascii.
+Done with ascii.
-Was rewriting the tests.
+Now I am thinking of making the io module better.
-Was going to write the toValue tests and then I am done!
+For example, readin does not tell you right now if something went wrong.
+It just returns an empty list.
 
 ## IDEAS
 

source/popka/core/ascii.d

@@ -462,208 +462,121 @@ IStr toStr(T)(T value, ToStrOptions options = ToStrOptions()) {
     } else static if (__traits(hasMember, T, "toStr")) {
         return value.toStr();
     } else {
-        static assert(0, "The `toStr` function does not handle the `" ~ T.stringof ~ "` type. Implement a `toStr` function for that type.");
+        static assert(0, "Function `toStr` does not handle the `" ~ T.stringof ~ "` type. Implement a `toStr` function for that type.");
     }
 }
 
 BasicResult!bool toBool(IStr str) {
-    auto result = BasicResult!bool();
+    if (str == "false") {
-    if (str == "true") {
+        return BasicResult!bool(false);
-        result.value = true;
+    } else if (str == "true") {
-    } else if (str == "false") {
+        return BasicResult!bool(true);
-        result.value = false;
     } else {
-        result.error = BasicError.invalid;
+        return BasicResult!bool(BasicError.invalid);
-    }
-    return result;
-}
-
-ulong toBoolWithNone(IStr str) {
-    auto conv = toBool(str);
-    if (conv.error) {
-        return false;
-    } else {
-        return conv.value;
     }
 }
 
 BasicResult!ulong toUnsigned(IStr str) {
-    auto result = BasicResult!ulong();
+    if (str.length == 0 || str.length >= 18) {
-    if (str.length == 0) {
+        return BasicResult!ulong(BasicError.invalid);
-        result.error = BasicError.invalid;
-    } else if (str.length >= 18) {
-        result.error = BasicError.overflow;
     } else {
+        if (str.length == 1 && str[0] == '+') {
+            return BasicResult!ulong(BasicError.invalid);
+        }
+        ulong value = 0;
         ulong level = 1;
-        foreach_reverse (i, c; str) {
+        foreach_reverse (i, c; str[(str[0] == '+' ? 1 : 0) .. $]) {
-            if (!isDigit(c)) {
+            if (isDigit(c)) {
-                result.error = BasicError.invalid;
+                value += (c - '0') * level;
-                break;
-            }
-            auto digit = c - '0';
-            result.value += digit * level;
                 level *= 10;
+            } else {
+                return BasicResult!ulong(BasicError.invalid);
             }
         }
-    return result;
+        return BasicResult!ulong(value);
+    }
 }
 
 BasicResult!ulong toUnsigned(char c) {
-    auto result = BasicResult!ulong();
     if (isDigit(c)) {
-        result.value = c - '0';
+        return BasicResult!ulong(c - '0');
     } else {
-        result.error = BasicError.invalid;
+        return BasicResult!ulong(BasicError.invalid);
-    }
-    return result;
-}
-
-ulong toUnsignedWithNone(IStr str) {
-    auto conv = toUnsigned(str);
-    if (conv.error) {
-        return 0;
-    } else {
-        return conv.value;
-    }
-}
-
-ulong toUnsignedWithNone(char c) {
-    auto conv = toUnsigned(c);
-    if (conv.error) {
-        return 0;
-    } else {
-        return conv.value;
     }
 }
 
 BasicResult!long toSigned(IStr str) {
-    auto result = BasicResult!long();
+    if (str.length == 0 || str.length >= 18) {
-    if (str.length == 0) {
+        return BasicResult!long(BasicError.invalid);
-        result.error = BasicError.invalid;
-    } else if (str.length >= 18) {
-        result.error = BasicError.overflow;
     } else {
-        if (str[0] == '-') {
+        auto temp = toUnsigned(str[(str[0] == '-' ? 1 : 0) .. $]);
-            auto conv = toUnsigned(str[1 .. $]);
+        if (temp.isNone) {
-            if (conv.error) {
+            return BasicResult!long(temp.error);
-                result.error = conv.error;
-            } else {
-                result.value = -conv.value;
         }
-        } else {
+        return BasicResult!long(str[0] == '-' ? -temp.value : temp.value);
-            auto conv = toUnsigned(str);
-            if (conv.error) {
-                result.error = conv.error;
-            } else {
-                result.value = conv.value;
     }
 }
-    }
-    return result;
-}
 
 BasicResult!long toSigned(char c) {
-    auto result = BasicResult!long();
+    if (isDigit(c)) {
-    auto conv = toUnsigned(c);
+        return BasicResult!long(c - '0');
-    if (conv.error) {
-        result.error = conv.error;
     } else {
-        result.value = cast(long) conv.value;
+        return BasicResult!long(BasicError.invalid);
-    }
-    return result;
-}
-
-long toSignedWithNone(IStr str) {
-    auto conv = toSigned(str);
-    if (conv.error) {
-        return 0;
-    } else {
-        return conv.value;
-    }
-}
-
-long toSignedWithNone(char c) {
-    auto conv = toSigned(c);
-    if (conv.error) {
-        return 0;
-    } else {
-        return conv.value;
     }
 }
 
 BasicResult!double toDouble(IStr str) {
-    auto result = BasicResult!double();
+    auto dotIndex = findStart(str, '.');
-    result.value = 0.0;
+    if (dotIndex == -1) {
-    auto hasDot = false;
+        auto temp = toSigned(str);
-    foreach (i, c; str) {
+        return temp.isNone ? BasicResult!double(temp.error) : BasicResult!double(temp.value);
-        if (c == '.') {
-            hasDot = true;
-            auto lhs = toSigned(str[0 .. i]);
-            if (lhs.error) {
-                result.error = lhs.error;
     } else {
-                auto rhs = toSigned(str[i + 1 .. $]);
+        auto left = toSigned(str[0 .. dotIndex]);
-                if (rhs.error) {
+        auto right = toSigned(str[dotIndex + 1 .. $]);
-                    result.error = rhs.error;
+        if (left.isNone || right.isNone) {
+            return BasicResult!double(BasicError.invalid);
+        } else if (str[dotIndex + 1] == '-' || str[dotIndex + 1] == '+') {
+            return BasicResult!double(BasicError.invalid);
         } else {
-                    auto rhsLevel = 10;
+            auto sign = str[0] == '-' ? -1 : 1;
-                    foreach (_; 1 .. str[i + 1 .. $].length) {
+            auto level = 10;
-                        rhsLevel *= 10;
+            foreach (i; 1 .. str[dotIndex + 1 .. $].length) {
+                level *= 10;
             }
-                    result.value = lhs.value + ((lhs.value < 0 ? -1 : 1) * rhs.value / cast(double) rhsLevel);
+            return BasicResult!double(left.value + sign * (right.value / (cast(double) level)));
         }
     }
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-    if (!hasDot) {
-        auto conv = toSigned(str);
-        result.value = conv.value;
-        result.error = conv.error;
-    }
-    return result;
 }
 
-double toDoubleWithNone(IStr str) {
+BasicResult!double toDouble(char c) {
-    auto conv = toDouble(str);
+    if (isDigit(c)) {
-    if (conv.error) {
+        return BasicResult!double(c - '0');
-        return 0.0;
     } else {
-        return conv.value;
+        return BasicResult!double(BasicError.invalid);
     }
 }
 
 BasicResult!T toEnum(T)(IStr str) {
-    auto result = BasicResult!T();
     switch (str) {
         static foreach (member; __traits(allMembers, T)) {
-            mixin("case " ~ member.stringof ~ ": result.value = T." ~ member ~ "; goto switchExit;");
+            mixin("case " ~ member.stringof ~ ": return BasicResult!T(T." ~ member ~ ");");
         }
-        default: result.error = BasicError.invalid;
+        default: return BasicResult!T(BasicError.invalid);
-    }
-    switchExit:
-    return result;
-}
-
-T toEnumWithNone(T)(IStr str) {
-    auto conv = toEnum!T(str);
-    if (conv.error) {
-        return T.init;
-    } else {
-        return conv.value;
     }
 }
 
 @trusted
-ICStr toCStr(IStr str) {
+BasicResult!ICStr toCStr(IStr str) {
     static char[1024] buffer = void;
 
-    auto result = buffer[];
+    if (buffer.length < str.length) {
-    foreach (i, c; str) {
+        return BasicResult!ICStr(BasicError.invalid);
-        result[i] = c;
+    } else {
+        auto value = buffer[];
+        value.copyChars(str);
+        value[str.length] = '\0';
+        return BasicResult!ICStr(value.ptr);
     }
-    result[str.length] = '\0';
-    return result.ptr;
 }
 
 // TODO: Check if the args count is the same with the `{}` count.
@@ -738,6 +651,14 @@ void formatl(A...)(ref LStr text, IStr formatStr, A args) {
 // Function test.
 @trusted
 unittest {
+    enum TestEnum {
+        one,
+        two,
+    }
+
+    char[128] buffer = void;
+    Str str;
+
     assert(isDigit("0123456789?") == false);
     assert(isDigit("0123456789") == true);
     assert(isUpper("hello") == false);
@@ -748,9 +669,6 @@ unittest {
     assert(isCStr("hello") == false);
     assert(isCStr("hello\0") == true);
 
-    char[128] buffer = void;
-    Str str;
-
     str = buffer[];
     str.copy("Hello");
     assert(str == "Hello");
@@ -834,45 +752,94 @@ unittest {
 
     assert(cStrToStr("Hello\0") == "Hello");
 
-    enum TestEnum {
-        one,
-        two,
-    }
-
     assert(enumToStr(TestEnum.one) == "one");
     assert(enumToStr(TestEnum.two) == "two");
 
+    assert(toBool("F").isSome == false);
+    assert(toBool("F").unwrapOr() == false);
+    assert(toBool("T").isSome == false);
+    assert(toBool("T").unwrapOr() == false);
+    assert(toBool("false").isSome == true);
+    assert(toBool("false").unwrapOr() == false);
+    assert(toBool("true").isSome == true);
+    assert(toBool("true").unwrapOr() == true);
 
+    assert(toUnsigned("1_069").isSome == false);
+    assert(toUnsigned("1_069").unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toUnsigned("+1069").isSome == true);
+    assert(toUnsigned("+1069").unwrapOr() == 1069);
+    assert(toUnsigned("1069").isSome == true);
+    assert(toUnsigned("1069").unwrapOr() == 1069);
+    assert(toUnsigned('+').isSome == false);
+    assert(toUnsigned('+').unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toUnsigned('0').isSome == true);
+    assert(toUnsigned('0').unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toUnsigned('9').isSome == true);
+    assert(toUnsigned('9').unwrapOr() == 9);
 
-    // TODO: ToValue tests write need!!!
+    assert(toSigned("1_069").isSome == false);
-    auto text1 = "1.0";
+    assert(toSigned("1_069").unwrapOr() == 0);
-    auto conv1 = toDouble(text1);
+    assert(toSigned("-1069").isSome == true);
-    assert(conv1.value == 1.0);
+    assert(toSigned("-1069").unwrapOr() == -1069);
-    assert(conv1.error == BasicError.none);
+    assert(toSigned("+1069").isSome == true);
+    assert(toSigned("+1069").unwrapOr() == 1069);
+    assert(toSigned("1069").isSome == true);
+    assert(toSigned("1069").unwrapOr() == 1069);
+    assert(toSigned('+').isSome == false);
+    assert(toSigned('+').unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toSigned('0').isSome == true);
+    assert(toSigned('0').unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toSigned('9').isSome == true);
+    assert(toSigned('9').unwrapOr() == 9);
 
-    auto text2 = "1";
+    assert(toDouble("1_069").isSome == false);
-    auto conv2 = toDouble(text2);
+    assert(toDouble("1_069").unwrapOr() == 0);
-    assert(conv2.value == 1.0);
+    assert(toDouble(".1069").isSome == false);
-    assert(conv2.error == BasicError.none);
+    assert(toDouble(".1069").unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toDouble("1069.").isSome == false);
+    assert(toDouble("1069.").unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toDouble(".").isSome == false);
+    assert(toDouble(".").unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toDouble("-1069.-69").isSome == false);
+    assert(toDouble("-1069.-69").unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toDouble("-1069.+69").isSome == false);
+    assert(toDouble("-1069.+69").unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toDouble("-1069").isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble("-1069").unwrapOr() == -1069);
+    assert(toDouble("+1069").isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble("+1069").unwrapOr() == 1069);
+    assert(toDouble("1069").isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble("1069").unwrapOr() == 1069);
+    assert(toDouble("1069.0").isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble("1069.0").unwrapOr() == 1069);
+    assert(toDouble("-1069.0095").isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble("-1069.0095").unwrapOr() == -1069.0095);
+    assert(toDouble("+1069.0095").isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble("+1069.0095").unwrapOr() == 1069.0095);
+    assert(toDouble("1069.0095").isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble("1069.0095").unwrapOr() == 1069.0095);
+    assert(toDouble("-0.0095").isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble("-0.0095").unwrapOr() == -0.0095);
+    assert(toDouble("+0.0095").isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble("+0.0095").unwrapOr() == 0.0095);
+    assert(toDouble("0.0095").isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble("0.0095").unwrapOr() == 0.0095);
+    assert(toDouble('+').isSome == false);
+    assert(toDouble('+').unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toDouble('0').isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble('0').unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(toDouble('9').isSome == true);
+    assert(toDouble('9').unwrapOr() == 9);
     
-    auto text3 = "1?";
+    assert(toEnum!TestEnum("?").isSome == false);
-    auto conv3 = toDouble(text3);
+    assert(toEnum!TestEnum("?").unwrapOr() == TestEnum.one);
-    assert(conv3.value == 0.0);
+    assert(toEnum!TestEnum("one").isSome == true);
-    assert(conv3.error == BasicError.invalid);
+    assert(toEnum!TestEnum("one").unwrapOr() == TestEnum.one);
+    assert(toEnum!TestEnum("two").isSome == true);
+    assert(toEnum!TestEnum("two").unwrapOr() == TestEnum.two);
 
-    assert(format("") == "");
+    assert(toCStr("Hello").unwrapOr().length == "Hello".length);
-    assert(format("{}") == "{}");
+    assert(toCStr("Hello").unwrapOr().cStrToStr() == "Hello");
-    assert(format("{}", "1") == "1");
-    assert(format("{} {}", "1", "2") == "1 2");
-    assert(format("{} {} {}", "1", "2", "3") == "1 2 3");
-    assert(format("{} {} {}", 1, -2, 3.69) == "1 -2 3.69");
-    assert(format("{}", 420, 320, 220, 120, 20) == "420");
-    assert(format("", 1, -2, 3.69) == "");
-    assert(format("({})", format("({}, {})", false, true)) == "((false, true))");
 
-    // TODO: Uncoment when the N.00 bug is fixed.
+    // TODO: Write tests for `format` when it is done.
-    // assert(format("{}", 0.00) == "0.00");
-    // assert(format("{}", 0.50) == "0.50");
-    // assert(format("{}", 1.00) == "1.00");
-    // assert(format("{}", 1.50) == "1.50");
 }

source/popka/core/errors.d

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 
 module popka.core.errors;
 
+import popka.core.traits;
+
 @safe @nogc nothrow:
 
 enum BasicError : ubyte {
@@ -18,6 +20,61 @@ enum BasicError : ubyte {
 }
 
 struct BasicResult(T) {
+    static if (isNumberType!T) {
+        T value = 0;
+    } else {
         T value;
-    BasicError error;
+    }
+    BasicError error = BasicError.some;
+
+    @safe @nogc nothrow:
+
+    this(T value) {
+        this.value = value;
+        error = BasicError.none;
+    }
+
+    this(BasicError error) {
+        this.error = error;
+    }
+
+    T unwrap() {
+        if (error) {
+            assert(0, "");
+        }
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    T unwrapOr(T dflt) {
+        if (error) {
+            return dflt;
+        } else {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    T unwrapOr() {
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    bool isNone() {
+        return error != 0;
+    }
+
+    bool isSome() {
+        return error == 0;
+    }
+}
+
+// BasicResult test.
+unittest {
+    assert(BasicResult!int().isNone == true);
+    assert(BasicResult!int().isSome == false);
+    assert(BasicResult!int().unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(BasicResult!int(0).isNone == false);
+    assert(BasicResult!int(0).isSome == true);
+    assert(BasicResult!int(0).unwrapOr() == 0);
+    assert(BasicResult!int(69).isNone == false);
+    assert(BasicResult!int(69).isSome == true);
+    assert(BasicResult!int(69).unwrapOr() == 69);
 }

source/popka/core/io.d

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ void println(A...)(A args) {
 @trusted
 // TODO: Check the error values and let the user know what went wrong.
 void readText(IStr path, ref List!char text) {
-    auto f = .fopen(toCStr(path), "rb");
+    auto f = .fopen(toCStr(path).unwrapOr(), "rb");
     if (f == null) {
         text.clear();
         return;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ List!char readText(IStr path) {
 @trusted
 // TODO: Check the error values and let the user know what went wrong.
 void writeText(IStr path, IStr text) {
-    auto f = .fopen(toCStr(path), "w");
+    auto f = .fopen(toCStr(path).unwrapOr(), "w");
     if (f == null) {
         return;
     }

source/popka/core/traits.d

@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ bool isDoubleType(T)() {
     is(T == immutable(double));
 }
 
+bool isNumberType(T)() {
+    return isIntegerType!T || isDoubleType!T;
+}
+
 bool isCharType(T)() {
     return is(T == char) ||
         is(T == const(char)) ||

source/popka/game/engine.d

@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ struct Texture {
     void load(const(char)[] path) {
         free();
         if (path.length != 0) {
-            data = ray.LoadTexture(path.toAssetsPath.toCStr);
+            data = ray.LoadTexture(path.toAssetsPath.toCStr().unwrapOr());
         }
         if (isEmpty) printfln("Error: The file `{}` does not exist.", path);
     }
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ struct Font {
     void load(const(char)[] path, uint size, const(dchar)[] runes = []) {
         free();
         if (path.length != 0) {
-            data = ray.LoadFontEx(path.toAssetsPath.toCStr, size, cast(int*) runes.ptr, cast(int) runes.length);
+            data = ray.LoadFontEx(path.toAssetsPath.toCStr().unwrapOr(), size, cast(int*) runes.ptr, cast(int) runes.length);
         }
         if (isEmpty) printfln("Error: The file `{}` does not exist.", path);
     }
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ struct Sound {
     void load(const(char)[] path) {
         free();
         if (path.length != 0) {
-            data = ray.LoadSound(path.toAssetsPath.toCStr);
+            data = ray.LoadSound(path.toAssetsPath.toCStr().unwrapOr());
         }
         if (isEmpty) printfln("Error: The file `{}` does not exist.", path);
     }
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ struct Music {
     void load(const(char)[] path) {
         free();
         if (path.length != 0) {
-            data = ray.LoadMusicStream(path.toAssetsPath.toCStr);
+            data = ray.LoadMusicStream(path.toAssetsPath.toCStr().unwrapOr());
         }
         if (isEmpty) printfln("Error: The file `{}` does not exist.", path);
     }
@@ -801,7 +801,7 @@ void openWindow(Vec2 size, const(char)[] title = "Popka", Color color = defaultB
     }
     ray.SetConfigFlags(ray.FLAG_VSYNC_HINT | ray.FLAG_WINDOW_RESIZABLE);
     ray.SetTraceLogLevel(ray.LOG_ERROR);
-    ray.InitWindow(cast(int) size.x, cast(int) size.y, toCStr(title));
+    ray.InitWindow(cast(int) size.x, cast(int) size.y, title.toCStr().unwrapOr());
     ray.InitAudioDevice();
     ray.SetWindowMinSize(cast(int) (size.x * 0.25f), cast(int) (size.y * 0.25f));
     ray.SetExitKey(ray.KEY_NULL);