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[svn r117] Initial working implementation of interfaces.

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Groundwork for all the different types of class/interface casts laid out.
This commit is contained in:
Tomas Lindquist Olsen 2007-11-24 06:33:00 +01:00
parent 0a8ff5931a
commit b43f5729b0
18 changed files with 867 additions and 145 deletions
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405
gen/classes.cpp
View file

@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
#include <sstream>
#include "gen/llvm.h"
#include "mtype.h"
@ -11,6 +12,8 @@
#include "gen/logger.h"
#include "gen/classes.h"
#include "gen/functions.h"
#include "gen/runtime.h"
#include "gen/dvalue.h"
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@ -21,10 +24,14 @@ static void LLVM_AddBaseClassData(BaseClasses* bcs)
{
BaseClass* bc = (BaseClass*)(bcs->data[j]);
assert(bc);
if (bc->base->isInterfaceDeclaration())
continue; // interfaces only has methods
LLVM_AddBaseClassData(&bc->base->baseclasses);
Logger::println("Adding base class members of %s", bc->base->toChars());
LOG_SCOPE;
LLVM_AddBaseClassData(&bc->base->baseclasses);
for (int k=0; k < bc->base->members->dim; k++) {
Dsymbol* dsym = (Dsymbol*)(bc->base->members->data[k]);
if (dsym->isVarDeclaration())
@ -46,10 +53,17 @@ void DtoResolveClass(ClassDeclaration* cd)
if (cd->baseClass) {
DtoResolveClass(cd->baseClass);
}
// resolve typeinfo
//DtoResolveClass(ClassDeclaration::typeinfo);
// resolve classinfo
//DtoResolveClass(ClassDeclaration::classinfo);
// resolve interfaces
if (cd->vtblInterfaces) {
for (int i=0; i < cd->vtblInterfaces->dim; i++) {
BaseClass *b = (BaseClass *)cd->vtblInterfaces->data[i];
ClassDeclaration *id = b->base;
DtoResolveClass(id);
// Fill in vtbl[]
b->fillVtbl(cd, &b->vtbl, 1);
}
}
Logger::println("DtoResolveClass(%s)", cd->toPrettyChars());
LOG_SCOPE;
@ -71,6 +85,22 @@ void DtoResolveClass(ClassDeclaration* cd)
std::vector<const llvm::Type*> fieldtypes;
fieldtypes.push_back(vtabty);
// add interface vtables
if (cd->vtblInterfaces)
for (size_t i = 0; i < cd->vtblInterfaces->dim; i++)
{
BaseClass *b = (BaseClass *)cd->vtblInterfaces->data[i];
ClassDeclaration *id = b->base;
assert(id->type->ty == Tclass);
TypeClass* itc = (TypeClass*)id->type;
const llvm::Type* ivtblTy = llvm::PointerType::get(itc->llvmVtblType->get());
fieldtypes.push_back(ivtblTy);
// add this interface to the map
IRInterface* iri = new IRInterface(b, isaStruct(itc->llvmVtblType->get()));
irstruct->interfaces.insert(std::make_pair(id, iri));
}
// base classes first
LLVM_AddBaseClassData(&cd->baseclasses);
@ -98,16 +128,31 @@ void DtoResolveClass(ClassDeclaration* cd)
else
*ts->llvmType = structtype;
bool needs_definition = false;
if (cd->parent->isModule()) {
gIR->module->addTypeName(cd->mangle(), ts->llvmType->get());
needs_definition = (cd->getModule() == gIR->dmodule);
}
else {
assert(0 && "class parent is not a module");
}
// generate vtable
// build interface info type
std::vector<const llvm::Type*> infoTypes;
// ClassInfo classinfo
ClassDeclaration* cinfod = ClassDeclaration::classinfo;
DtoResolveClass(cinfod);
infoTypes.push_back(llvm::PointerType::get(cinfod->type->llvmType->get()));
// void*[] vtbl
std::vector<const llvm::Type*> infoVtbltypes;
infoVtbltypes.push_back(DtoSize_t());
const llvm::Type* byteptrptrty = llvm::PointerType::get(llvm::PointerType::get(llvm::Type::Int8Ty));
infoVtbltypes.push_back(byteptrptrty);
infoTypes.push_back(llvm::StructType::get(infoVtbltypes));
// int offset
infoTypes.push_back(llvm::Type::Int32Ty);
// create type
const llvm::StructType* infoTy = llvm::StructType::get(infoTypes);
// create vtable type
llvm::GlobalVariable* svtblVar = 0;
std::vector<const llvm::Type*> sinits_ty;
@ -124,18 +169,21 @@ void DtoResolveClass(ClassDeclaration* cd)
const llvm::Type* fpty = llvm::PointerType::get(tf->llvmType->get());
sinits_ty.push_back(fpty);
}
else if (ClassDeclaration* cd = dsym->isClassDeclaration()) {
//Logger::println("*** ClassDeclaration in vtable: %s", cd->toChars());
else if (ClassDeclaration* cd2 = dsym->isClassDeclaration()) {
Logger::println("*** ClassDeclaration in vtable: %s", cd2->toChars());
const llvm::Type* cinfoty;
if (cd != ClassDeclaration::classinfo) {
cd = ClassDeclaration::classinfo;
DtoResolveClass(cd);
cinfoty = cd->type->llvmType->get();
if (cd->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
cinfoty = infoTy;
}
else if (cd != cinfod) {
DtoResolveClass(cinfod);
cinfoty = cinfod->type->llvmType->get();
}
else {
// this is the ClassInfo class, the type is this type
cinfoty = ts->llvmType->get();
}
const llvm::Type* cty = llvm::PointerType::get(cd->type->llvmType->get());
const llvm::Type* cty = llvm::PointerType::get(cinfoty);
sinits_ty.push_back(cty);
}
else
@ -182,26 +230,78 @@ void DtoDeclareClass(ClassDeclaration* cd)
needs_definition = (cd->getModule() == gIR->dmodule);
}
// vtable
std::string varname("_D");
varname.append(cd->mangle());
varname.append("6__vtblZ");
// interface vtables are emitted by the class implementing them
// also interfaces have no static initializer
if (!cd->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
// vtable
std::string varname("_D");
varname.append(cd->mangle());
varname.append("6__vtblZ");
std::string styname(cd->mangle());
styname.append("__vtblTy");
llvm::GlobalValue::LinkageTypes _linkage = llvm::GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage;
llvm::GlobalValue::LinkageTypes _linkage = llvm::GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage;
const llvm::StructType* svtbl_ty = isaStruct(ts->llvmVtblType->get());
cd->llvmVtbl = new llvm::GlobalVariable(svtbl_ty, true, _linkage, 0, varname, gIR->module);
const llvm::StructType* svtbl_ty = isaStruct(ts->llvmVtblType->get());
cd->llvmVtbl = new llvm::GlobalVariable(svtbl_ty, true, _linkage, 0, varname, gIR->module);
// build interface info type
std::vector<const llvm::Type*> types;
// ClassInfo classinfo
ClassDeclaration* cd2 = ClassDeclaration::classinfo;
DtoResolveClass(cd2);
types.push_back(llvm::PointerType::get(cd2->type->llvmType->get()));
// void*[] vtbl
std::vector<const llvm::Type*> vtbltypes;
vtbltypes.push_back(DtoSize_t());
const llvm::Type* byteptrptrty = llvm::PointerType::get(llvm::PointerType::get(llvm::Type::Int8Ty));
vtbltypes.push_back(byteptrptrty);
types.push_back(llvm::StructType::get(vtbltypes));
// int offset
types.push_back(llvm::Type::Int32Ty);
// create type
const llvm::StructType* infoTy = llvm::StructType::get(types);
// init
std::string initname("_D");
initname.append(cd->mangle());
initname.append("6__initZ");
// interface info array
if (needs_definition && cd->vtblInterfaces->dim > 0) {
// symbol name
std::string nam = "_D";
nam.append(cd->mangle());
nam.append("16__interfaceInfosZ");
// resolve array type
const llvm::ArrayType* arrTy = llvm::ArrayType::get(infoTy, cd->vtblInterfaces->dim);
// declare global
irstruct->interfaceInfosTy = arrTy;
irstruct->interfaceInfos = new llvm::GlobalVariable(arrTy, true, llvm::GlobalValue::InternalLinkage, 0, nam, gIR->module);
}
llvm::GlobalVariable* initvar = new llvm::GlobalVariable(ts->llvmType->get(), true, _linkage, NULL, initname, gIR->module);
ts->llvmInit = initvar;
// interface vtables
unsigned idx = 0;
for (IRStruct::InterfaceIter i=irstruct->interfaces.begin(); i!=irstruct->interfaces.end(); ++i)
{
ClassDeclaration* id = i->first;
IRInterface* iri = i->second;
std::string nam("_D");
nam.append(cd->mangle());
nam.append("11__interface");
nam.append(id->mangle());
nam.append("6__vtblZ");
assert(iri->vtblTy);
iri->vtbl = new llvm::GlobalVariable(iri->vtblTy, true, _linkage, 0, nam, gIR->module);
iri->infoTy = infoTy;
llvm::Constant* idxs[2] = {DtoConstUint(0), DtoConstUint(idx)};
iri->info = llvm::ConstantExpr::getGetElementPtr(irstruct->interfaceInfos, idxs, 2);
idx++;
}
// init
std::string initname("_D");
initname.append(cd->mangle());
initname.append("6__initZ");
llvm::GlobalVariable* initvar = new llvm::GlobalVariable(ts->llvmType->get(), true, _linkage, NULL, initname, gIR->module);
ts->llvmInit = initvar;
}
gIR->classes.pop_back();
gIR->structs.pop_back();
@ -225,6 +325,9 @@ void DtoConstInitClass(ClassDeclaration* cd)
if (cd->llvmInitialized) return;
cd->llvmInitialized = true;
if (cd->isInterfaceDeclaration())
return; // nothing to do
Logger::println("DtoConstInitClass(%s)", cd->toPrettyChars());
LOG_SCOPE;
@ -248,6 +351,14 @@ void DtoConstInitClass(ClassDeclaration* cd)
assert(cd->llvmVtbl != 0);
fieldinits.push_back(cd->llvmVtbl);
// next comes interface vtables
for (IRStruct::InterfaceIter i=irstruct->interfaces.begin(); i!=irstruct->interfaces.end(); ++i)
{
IRInterface* iri = i->second;
assert(iri->vtbl);
fieldinits.push_back(iri->vtbl);
}
// rest
for (IRStruct::OffsetMap::iterator i=irstruct->offsets.begin(); i!=irstruct->offsets.end(); ++i) {
Logger::println("adding fieldinit for: %s", i->second.var->toChars());
@ -260,7 +371,8 @@ void DtoConstInitClass(ClassDeclaration* cd)
const llvm::StructType* structtype = isaStruct(ts->llvmType->get());
// generate initializer
/*Logger::cout() << cd->toPrettyChars() << " | " << *structtype << '\n';
#if 0
Logger::cout() << cd->toPrettyChars() << " | " << *structtype << '\n';
for(size_t i=0; i<structtype->getNumElements(); ++i) {
Logger::cout() << "s#" << i << " = " << *structtype->getElementType(i) << '\n';
@ -268,7 +380,8 @@ void DtoConstInitClass(ClassDeclaration* cd)
for(size_t i=0; i<fieldinits.size(); ++i) {
Logger::cout() << "i#" << i << " = " << *fieldinits[i]->getType() << '\n';
}*/
}
#endif
llvm::Constant* _init = llvm::ConstantStruct::get(structtype, fieldinits);
assert(_init);
@ -300,16 +413,83 @@ void DtoConstInitClass(ClassDeclaration* cd)
const llvm::StructType* svtbl_ty = isaStruct(ts->llvmVtblType->get());
/*for (size_t i=0; i< sinits.size(); ++i)
#if 0
for (size_t i=0; i< sinits.size(); ++i)
{
Logger::cout() << "field[" << i << "] = " << *svtbl_ty->getElementType(i) << '\n';
Logger::cout() << "init [" << i << "] = " << *sinits[i]->getType() << '\n';
assert(svtbl_ty->getElementType(i) == sinits[i]->getType());
}*/
}
#endif
llvm::Constant* cvtblInit = llvm::ConstantStruct::get(svtbl_ty, sinits);
cd->llvmConstVtbl = llvm::cast<llvm::ConstantStruct>(cvtblInit);
// create interface vtable const initalizers
int idx = 1;
int idxScale = (global.params.is64bit) ? 8 : 4;
for (IRStruct::InterfaceIter i=irstruct->interfaces.begin(); i!=irstruct->interfaces.end(); ++i)
{
ClassDeclaration* id = i->first;
assert(id->type->ty == Tclass);
TypeClass* its = (TypeClass*)id->type;
IRInterface* iri = i->second;
BaseClass* b = iri->base;
const llvm::StructType* ivtbl_ty = isaStruct(its->llvmVtblType->get());
// generate interface info initializer
std::vector<llvm::Constant*> infoInits;
// classinfo
assert(id->llvmClass);
llvm::Constant* c = id->llvmClass;
infoInits.push_back(c);
// vtbl
const llvm::Type* byteptrptrty = llvm::PointerType::get(llvm::PointerType::get(llvm::Type::Int8Ty));
c = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(iri->vtbl, byteptrptrty);
c = DtoConstSlice(DtoConstSize_t(b->vtbl.dim), c);
infoInits.push_back(c);
// offset
infoInits.push_back(DtoConstInt(idx*idxScale));
// create interface info initializer constant
iri->infoInit = llvm::cast<llvm::ConstantStruct>(llvm::ConstantStruct::get(iri->infoTy, infoInits));
// generate vtable initializer
std::vector<llvm::Constant*> iinits;
// add interface info
iinits.push_back(iri->info);
for (int k=1; k < b->vtbl.dim; k++)
{
Logger::println("interface vtbl const init nr. %d", k);
Dsymbol* dsym = (Dsymbol*)b->vtbl.data[k];
FuncDeclaration* fd = dsym->isFuncDeclaration();
assert(fd);
DtoForceDeclareDsymbol(fd);
assert(fd->llvmValue);
llvm::Constant* c = llvm::cast<llvm::Constant>(fd->llvmValue);
// we have to bitcast, as the type created in ResolveClass expects a different this type
c = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(c, iri->vtblTy->getContainedType(k));
iinits.push_back(c);
}
#if 1
for (size_t x=0; x< iinits.size(); ++x)
{
Logger::cout() << "field[" << x << "] = " << *ivtbl_ty->getElementType(x) << "\n\n";
Logger::cout() << "init [" << x << "] = " << *iinits[x] << "\n\n";
assert(ivtbl_ty->getElementType(x) == iinits[x]->getType());
}
#endif
llvm::Constant* civtblInit = llvm::ConstantStruct::get(ivtbl_ty, iinits);
iri->vtblInit = llvm::cast<llvm::ConstantStruct>(civtblInit);
idx++;
}
gIR->classes.pop_back();
gIR->structs.pop_back();
}
@ -330,8 +510,26 @@ void DtoDefineClass(ClassDeclaration* cd)
bool def = false;
if (cd->parent->isModule() && cd->getModule() == gIR->dmodule) {
ts->llvmInit->setInitializer(cd->llvmInitZ);
cd->llvmVtbl->setInitializer(cd->llvmConstVtbl);
// interfaces don't have initializers
if (!cd->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
ts->llvmInit->setInitializer(cd->llvmInitZ);
cd->llvmVtbl->setInitializer(cd->llvmConstVtbl);
// initialize interface vtables
IRStruct* irstruct = cd->llvmIRStruct;
std::vector<llvm::Constant*> infoInits;
for (IRStruct::InterfaceIter i=irstruct->interfaces.begin(); i!=irstruct->interfaces.end(); ++i)
{
IRInterface* iri = i->second;
iri->vtbl->setInitializer(iri->vtblInit);
infoInits.push_back(iri->infoInit);
}
// initialize interface info array
if (!infoInits.empty()) {
llvm::Constant* arrInit = llvm::ConstantArray::get(irstruct->interfaceInfosTy, infoInits);
irstruct->interfaceInfos->setInitializer(arrInit);
}
}
def = true;
}
@ -394,6 +592,54 @@ void DtoInitClass(TypeClass* tc, llvm::Value* dst)
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
DValue* DtoCastObjectToInterface(DValue* val, Type* _to)
{
// call:
// Object _d_dynamic_cast(Object o, ClassInfo c)
llvm::Function* func = LLVM_D_GetRuntimeFunction(gIR->module, "_d_dynamic_cast");
const llvm::FunctionType* funcTy = func->getFunctionType();
std::vector<llvm::Value*> args;
// Object o
llvm::Value* tmp = val->getRVal();
tmp = DtoBitCast(tmp, funcTy->getParamType(0));
args.push_back(tmp);
// ClassInfo c
TypeClass* to = (TypeClass*)DtoDType(_to);
DtoForceDeclareDsymbol(to->sym);
assert(to->sym->llvmClass);
args.push_back(to->sym->llvmClass);
// call it
llvm::Value* ret = gIR->ir->CreateCall(func, args.begin(), args.end(), "tmp");
ret = DtoBitCast(ret, DtoType(_to));
return new DImValue(_to, ret);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
DValue* DtoCastInterfaceToObject(DValue* val)
{
// call:
// Object _d_toObject(void* p)
llvm::Function* func = LLVM_D_GetRuntimeFunction(gIR->module, "_d_toObject");
const llvm::FunctionType* funcTy = func->getFunctionType();
// void* p
llvm::Value* tmp = val->getRVal();
tmp = DtoBitCast(tmp, funcTy->getParamType(0));
// call it
llvm::Value* ret = gIR->ir->CreateCall(func, tmp, "tmp");
return new DImValue(ClassDeclaration::object->type, ret);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void DtoDeclareClassInfo(ClassDeclaration* cd)
{
if (cd->llvmClassDeclared) return;
@ -407,7 +653,10 @@ void DtoDeclareClassInfo(ClassDeclaration* cd)
std::string gname("_D");
gname.append(cd->mangle());
gname.append("7__ClassZ");
if (!cd->isInterfaceDeclaration())
gname.append("7__ClassZ");
else
gname.append("11__InterfaceZ");
const llvm::Type* st = cinfo->type->llvmType->get();
@ -538,6 +787,7 @@ static llvm::Constant* build_class_dtor(ClassDeclaration* cd)
static uint build_classinfo_flags(ClassDeclaration* cd)
{
// adapted from original dmd code
uint flags = 0;
//flags |= isCOMclass(); // IUnknown
bool hasOffTi = false;
@ -591,12 +841,14 @@ void DtoDefineClassInfo(ClassDeclaration* cd)
assert(cd->type->ty == Tclass);
assert(cd->llvmClass);
assert(cd->llvmInitZ);
assert(cd->llvmVtbl);
assert(cd->llvmConstVtbl);
TypeClass* cdty = (TypeClass*)cd->type;
assert(cdty->llvmInit);
if (!cd->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
assert(cd->llvmInitZ);
assert(cd->llvmVtbl);
assert(cd->llvmConstVtbl);
assert(cdty->llvmInit);
}
// holds the list of initializers for llvm
std::vector<llvm::Constant*> inits;
@ -617,10 +869,15 @@ void DtoDefineClassInfo(ClassDeclaration* cd)
// byte[] init
const llvm::Type* byteptrty = llvm::PointerType::get(llvm::Type::Int8Ty);
c = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(cdty->llvmInit, byteptrty);
assert(!cd->llvmInitZ->getType()->isAbstract());
size_t initsz = gTargetData->getTypeSize(cd->llvmInitZ->getType());
c = DtoConstSlice(DtoConstSize_t(initsz), c);
if (cd->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
c = cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(1);
}
else {
c = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(cdty->llvmInit, byteptrty);
assert(!cd->llvmInitZ->getType()->isAbstract());
size_t initsz = gTargetData->getTypeSize(cd->llvmInitZ->getType());
c = DtoConstSlice(DtoConstSize_t(initsz), c);
}
inits.push_back(c);
// class name
@ -636,21 +893,34 @@ void DtoDefineClassInfo(ClassDeclaration* cd)
inits.push_back(c);
// vtbl array
const llvm::Type* byteptrptrty = llvm::PointerType::get(byteptrty);
assert(!cd->llvmVtbl->getType()->isAbstract());
c = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(cd->llvmVtbl, byteptrptrty);
assert(!cd->llvmConstVtbl->getType()->isAbstract());
size_t vtblsz = gTargetData->getTypeSize(cd->llvmConstVtbl->getType());
c = DtoConstSlice(DtoConstSize_t(vtblsz), c);
if (cd->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
c = cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(3);
}
else {
const llvm::Type* byteptrptrty = llvm::PointerType::get(byteptrty);
assert(!cd->llvmVtbl->getType()->isAbstract());
c = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(cd->llvmVtbl, byteptrptrty);
assert(!cd->llvmConstVtbl->getType()->isAbstract());
size_t vtblsz = cd->llvmConstVtbl->getType()->getNumElements();
c = DtoConstSlice(DtoConstSize_t(vtblsz), c);
}
inits.push_back(c);
// interfaces array
// TODO
c = cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(4);
IRStruct* irstruct = cd->llvmIRStruct;
if (cd->isInterfaceDeclaration() || !irstruct->interfaceInfos) {
c = cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(4);
}
else {
const llvm::Type* t = cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(4)->getType()->getContainedType(1);
c = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(irstruct->interfaceInfos, t);
size_t iisz = irstruct->interfaceInfosTy->getNumElements();
c = DtoConstSlice(DtoConstSize_t(iisz), c);
}
inits.push_back(c);
// base classinfo
if (cd->baseClass) {
if (cd->baseClass && !cd->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
DtoDeclareClassInfo(cd->baseClass);
c = cd->baseClass->llvmClass;
assert(c);
@ -663,7 +933,12 @@ void DtoDefineClassInfo(ClassDeclaration* cd)
}
// destructor
c = build_class_dtor(cd);
if (cd->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
c = cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(6);
}
else {
c = build_class_dtor(cd);
}
inits.push_back(c);
// invariant
@ -671,9 +946,14 @@ void DtoDefineClassInfo(ClassDeclaration* cd)
c = cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(7);
inits.push_back(c);
// uint flags, adapted from original dmd code
uint flags = build_classinfo_flags(cd);
c = DtoConstUint(flags);
// uint flags
if (cd->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
c = cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(8);
}
else {
uint flags = build_classinfo_flags(cd);
c = DtoConstUint(flags);
}
inits.push_back(c);
// allocator
@ -682,11 +962,16 @@ void DtoDefineClassInfo(ClassDeclaration* cd)
inits.push_back(c);
// offset typeinfo
c = build_offti_array(cd, cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(10));
if (cd->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
c = cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(10);
}
else {
c = build_offti_array(cd, cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(10));
}
inits.push_back(c);
// default constructor
if (cd->defaultCtor) {
if (cd->defaultCtor && !cd->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
DtoForceDeclareDsymbol(cd->defaultCtor);
c = isaConstant(cd->defaultCtor->llvmValue);
//const llvm::Type* toTy = cinfo->llvmInitZ->getOperand(11)->getType();

3
gen/classes.h
View file

@ -27,4 +27,7 @@ void DtoDefineClassInfo(ClassDeclaration* cd);
void DtoCallClassDtors(TypeClass* tc, llvm::Value* instance);
void DtoInitClass(TypeClass* tc, llvm::Value* dst);
DValue* DtoCastObjectToInterface(DValue* val, Type* to);
DValue* DtoCastInterfaceToObject(DValue* val);
#endif

7
gen/functions.cpp
View file

@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ const llvm::FunctionType* DtoFunctionType(FuncDeclaration* fdecl)
if (AggregateDeclaration* ad = fdecl->isMember()) {
Logger::print("isMember = this is: %s\n", ad->type->toChars());
thisty = DtoType(ad->type);
Logger::cout() << "this llvm type: " << *thisty << '\n';
//Logger::cout() << "this llvm type: " << *thisty << '\n';
if (isaStruct(thisty) || (!gIR->structs.empty() && thisty == gIR->topstruct()->recty.get()))
thisty = llvm::PointerType::get(thisty);
}
@ -277,7 +277,8 @@ void DtoResolveFunction(FuncDeclaration* fdecl)
DtoFunctionType(fdecl);
// queue declaration
gIR->declareList.push_back(fdecl);
if (!fdecl->isAbstract())
gIR->declareList.push_back(fdecl);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@ -290,6 +291,8 @@ void DtoDeclareFunction(FuncDeclaration* fdecl)
Logger::println("DtoDeclareFunction(%s)", fdecl->toPrettyChars());
LOG_SCOPE;
assert(!fdecl->isAbstract());
if (fdecl->llvmRunTimeHack) {
Logger::println("runtime hack func chars: %s", fdecl->toChars());
if (!fdecl->llvmValue)

2
gen/irstate.cpp
View file

@ -107,6 +107,8 @@ IRStruct::IRStruct(Type* t)
type = t;
defined = false;
constinited = false;
interfaceInfosTy = NULL;
interfaceInfos = NULL;
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

34
gen/irstate.h
View file

@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
#include <list>
#include "root.h"
#include "aggregate.h"
// global ir state for current module
struct IRState;
@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ struct ClassDeclaration;
struct FuncDeclaration;
struct Module;
struct TypeStruct;
struct BaseClass;
/*
struct LLVMValue
@ -39,6 +41,32 @@ struct IRScope
IRScope(llvm::BasicBlock* b, llvm::BasicBlock* e);
};
struct IRInterface : Object
{
BaseClass* base;
ClassDeclaration* decl;
const llvm::StructType* vtblTy;
llvm::ConstantStruct* vtblInit;
llvm::GlobalVariable* vtbl;
const llvm::StructType* infoTy;
llvm::ConstantStruct* infoInit;
llvm::Constant* info;
IRInterface(BaseClass* b, const llvm::StructType* vt)
{
base = b;
decl = b->base;
vtblTy = vt;
vtblInit = NULL;
vtbl = NULL;
infoTy = NULL;
infoInit = NULL;
info = NULL;
}
};
// represents a struct or class
struct IRStruct : Object
{
@ -54,6 +82,8 @@ struct IRStruct : Object
typedef std::multimap<unsigned, Offset> OffsetMap;
typedef std::vector<VarDeclaration*> VarDeclVector;
typedef std::map<ClassDeclaration*, IRInterface*> InterfaceMap;
typedef InterfaceMap::iterator InterfaceIter;
public:
IRStruct(Type*);
@ -63,6 +93,10 @@ public:
OffsetMap offsets;
VarDeclVector defaultFields;
InterfaceMap interfaces;
const llvm::ArrayType* interfaceInfosTy;
llvm::GlobalVariable* interfaceInfos;
bool defined;
bool constinited;
};

4
gen/structs.cpp
View file

@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ DUnion::DUnion()
}
}
{
/*{
LOG_SCOPE;
Logger::println("******** DUnion BEGIN");
size_t n = fields.size();
@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ DUnion::DUnion()
}
}
Logger::println("******** DUnion END");
}
}*/
}
static void push_nulls(size_t nbytes, std::vector<llvm::Constant*>& out)

52
gen/toir.cpp
View file

@ -1230,10 +1230,10 @@ DValue* PtrExp::toElem(IRState* p)
if (p->topexp() && p->topexp()->e1 == this) {
Logger::println("lval PtrExp");
//if (a->isField()) return a;
return new DVarValue(type, a->getRVal(), true);
}
// this should be deterministic but right now lvalue casts don't propagate lvalueness !?!
llvm::Value* lv = a->getRVal();
llvm::Value* v = lv;
if (DtoCanLoad(v))
@ -1253,7 +1253,7 @@ DValue* DotVarExp::toElem(IRState* p)
Type* t = DtoDType(type);
Type* e1type = DtoDType(e1->type);
Logger::print("e1->type=%s\n", e1type->toChars());
Logger::print("e1type=%s\n", e1type->toChars());
if (VarDeclaration* vd = var->isVarDeclaration()) {
llvm::Value* arrptr;
@ -1265,7 +1265,7 @@ DValue* DotVarExp::toElem(IRState* p)
std::vector<unsigned> vdoffsets;
arrptr = DtoIndexStruct(src, ts->sym, vd->type, vd->offset, vdoffsets);
}
else if (e1->type->ty == Tclass) {
else if (e1type->ty == Tclass) {
TypeClass* tc = (TypeClass*)e1type;
Logger::println("Class member offset: %d", vd->offset);
std::vector<unsigned> vdoffsets(1,0);
@ -1282,14 +1282,19 @@ DValue* DotVarExp::toElem(IRState* p)
}
else if (FuncDeclaration* fdecl = var->isFuncDeclaration())
{
if (fdecl->llvmValue == 0)
{
DtoForceDeclareDsymbol(fdecl);
}
DtoResolveDsymbol(fdecl);
llvm::Value* funcval = fdecl->llvmValue;
llvm::Value* funcval;
llvm::Value* vthis2 = 0;
if (e1type->ty == Tclass) {
TypeClass* tc = (TypeClass*)e1type;
if (tc->sym->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
vthis2 = DtoCastInterfaceToObject(l)->getRVal();
}
}
llvm::Value* vthis = l->getRVal();
unsigned cc = (unsigned)-1;
if (!vthis2) vthis2 = vthis;
//unsigned cc = (unsigned)-1;
// virtual call
if (!fdecl->isFinal() && fdecl->isVirtual()) {
@ -1303,10 +1308,17 @@ DValue* DotVarExp::toElem(IRState* p)
funcval = new llvm::LoadInst(funcval,"tmp",p->scopebb());
funcval = DtoGEP(funcval, zero, vtblidx, toChars(), p->scopebb());
funcval = new llvm::LoadInst(funcval,"tmp",p->scopebb());
assert(funcval->getType() == fdecl->llvmValue->getType());
cc = DtoCallingConv(fdecl->linkage);
//assert(funcval->getType() == DtoType(fdecl->type));
//cc = DtoCallingConv(fdecl->linkage);
}
return new DFuncValue(fdecl, funcval, vthis);
// static call
else {
DtoForceDeclareDsymbol(fdecl);
funcval = fdecl->llvmValue;
assert(funcval);
//assert(funcval->getType() == DtoType(fdecl->type));
}
return new DFuncValue(fdecl, funcval, vthis2);
}
else {
printf("unknown: %s\n", var->toChars());
@ -1829,15 +1841,14 @@ DValue* DeleteExp::toElem(IRState* p)
//assert(e1->type->ty != Tclass);
DValue* v = e1->toElem(p);
llvm::Value* val = v->getRVal();
const llvm::Type* t = DtoType(v->getType());
llvm::Value* ldval = 0;
const llvm::Type* t = val->getType();
llvm::Constant* z = llvm::Constant::getNullValue(t);
Type* e1type = DtoDType(e1->type);
if (e1type->ty == Tpointer) {
llvm::Value* val = v->getRVal();
Logger::cout() << *z << '\n';
Logger::cout() << *val << '\n';
new llvm::FreeInst(val, p->scopebb());
@ -1845,16 +1856,23 @@ DValue* DeleteExp::toElem(IRState* p)
}
else if (e1type->ty == Tclass) {
TypeClass* tc = (TypeClass*)e1type;
DtoCallClassDtors(tc, val);
llvm::Value* val = 0;
if (tc->sym->dtors.dim > 0) {
val = v->getRVal();
DtoCallClassDtors(tc, val);
}
if (DVarValue* vv = v->isVar()) {
if (vv->var && !vv->var->onstack)
if (vv->var && !vv->var->onstack) {
if (!val) val = v->getRVal();
new llvm::FreeInst(val, p->scopebb());
}
}
new llvm::StoreInst(z, v->getLVal(), p->scopebb());
}
else if (e1type->ty == Tarray) {
// must be on the heap (correct?)
llvm::Value* val = v->getRVal();
llvm::Value* zero = llvm::ConstantInt::get(llvm::Type::Int32Ty, 0, false);
llvm::Value* one = llvm::ConstantInt::get(llvm::Type::Int32Ty, 1, false);
llvm::Value* ptr = DtoGEP(val,zero,one,"tmp",p->scopebb());

32
gen/tollvm.cpp
View file

@ -1140,11 +1140,35 @@ DValue* DtoCastComplex(DValue* val, Type* _to)
DValue* DtoCastClass(DValue* val, Type* _to)
{
const llvm::Type* tolltype = DtoType(_to);
Type* to = DtoDType(_to);
assert(to->ty == Tclass || to->ty == Tpointer);
llvm::Value* rval = new llvm::BitCastInst(val->getRVal(), tolltype, "tmp", gIR->scopebb());
return new DImValue(_to, rval);
if (to->ty == Tpointer) {
const llvm::Type* tolltype = DtoType(_to);
llvm::Value* rval = DtoBitCast(val->getRVal(), tolltype);
return new DImValue(_to, rval);
}
assert(to->ty == Tclass);
TypeClass* tc = (TypeClass*)to;
Type* from = DtoDType(val->getType());
TypeClass* fc = (TypeClass*)from;
if (tc->sym->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
assert(!fc->sym->isInterfaceDeclaration());
return DtoCastObjectToInterface(val, _to);
}
else {
if (fc->sym->isInterfaceDeclaration()) {
assert(0);
return DtoCastInterfaceToObject(val);
}
else {
const llvm::Type* tolltype = DtoType(_to);
assert(to->ty == Tclass);
llvm::Value* rval = DtoBitCast(val->getRVal(), tolltype);
return new DImValue(_to, rval);
}
}
}
DValue* DtoCast(DValue* val, Type* to)

4
gen/toobj.cpp
View file

@ -389,7 +389,9 @@ void ClassDeclaration::offsetToIndex(Type* t, unsigned os, std::vector<unsigned>
unsigned idx = 0;
unsigned r = LLVM_ClassOffsetToIndex(this, os, idx);
assert(r != (unsigned)-1 && "Offset not found in any aggregate field");
result.push_back(r+1); // vtable is 0
r++; // vtable is 0
r += vtblInterfaces->dim;
result.push_back(r);
}
/* ================================================================== */

151
gen/typinf.cpp
View file

@ -1029,76 +1029,127 @@ void TypeInfoClassDeclaration::toDt(dt_t **pdt)
void TypeInfoInterfaceDeclaration::llvmDeclare()
{
assert(0 && "TypeInfoTupleDeclaration");
Logger::println("TypeInfoInterfaceDeclaration::llvmDeclare() %s", toChars());
LOG_SCOPE;
// init typeinfo class
ClassDeclaration* base = Type::typeinfointerface;
assert(base);
DtoResolveClass(base);
// get type of typeinfo class
const llvm::StructType* stype = isaStruct(base->type->llvmType->get());
// create the symbol
llvmValue = new llvm::GlobalVariable(stype,true,llvm::GlobalValue::WeakLinkage,NULL,toChars(),gIR->module);
}
void TypeInfoInterfaceDeclaration::llvmDefine()
{
assert(0 && "TypeInfoTupleDeclaration");
Logger::println("TypeInfoInterfaceDeclaration::llvmDefine() %s", toChars());
LOG_SCOPE;
// init typeinfo class
ClassDeclaration* base = Type::typeinfointerface;
assert(base);
DtoForceConstInitDsymbol(base);
// get type of typeinfo class
const llvm::StructType* stype = isaStruct(base->type->llvmType->get());
// initializer vector
std::vector<llvm::Constant*> sinits;
// first is always the vtable
sinits.push_back(base->llvmVtbl);
// get classinfo
assert(tinfo->ty == Tclass);
TypeClass *tc = (TypeClass *)tinfo;
assert(tc->sym->llvmClass);
sinits.push_back(tc->sym->llvmClass);
// create the symbol
llvm::Constant* tiInit = llvm::ConstantStruct::get(stype, sinits);
isaGlobalVar(llvmValue)->setInitializer(tiInit);
}
void TypeInfoInterfaceDeclaration::toDt(dt_t **pdt)
{
assert(0 && "TypeInfoInterfaceDeclaration");
/*
//printf("TypeInfoInterfaceDeclaration::toDt() %s\n", tinfo->toChars());
dtxoff(pdt, Type::typeinfointerface->toVtblSymbol(), 0, TYnptr); // vtbl for TypeInfoInterface
dtdword(pdt, 0); // monitor
assert(tinfo->ty == Tclass);
TypeClass *tc = (TypeClass *)tinfo;
Symbol *s;
if (!tc->sym->vclassinfo)
tc->sym->vclassinfo = new ClassInfoDeclaration(tc->sym);
s = tc->sym->vclassinfo->toSymbol();
dtxoff(pdt, s, 0, TYnptr); // ClassInfo for tinfo
*/
assert(0);
}
/* ========================================================================= */
void TypeInfoTupleDeclaration::llvmDeclare()
{
assert(0 && "TypeInfoTupleDeclaration");
Logger::println("TypeInfoTupleDeclaration::llvmDeclare() %s", toChars());
LOG_SCOPE;
// init typeinfo class
ClassDeclaration* base = Type::typeinfotypelist;
assert(base);
DtoResolveClass(base);
// get type of typeinfo class
const llvm::StructType* stype = isaStruct(base->type->llvmType->get());
// create the symbol
llvmValue = new llvm::GlobalVariable(stype,true,llvm::GlobalValue::WeakLinkage,NULL,toChars(),gIR->module);
}
void TypeInfoTupleDeclaration::llvmDefine()
{
assert(0 && "TypeInfoTupleDeclaration");
Logger::println("TypeInfoTupleDeclaration::llvmDefine() %s", toChars());
LOG_SCOPE;
// init typeinfo class
ClassDeclaration* base = Type::typeinfotypelist;
assert(base);
DtoForceConstInitDsymbol(base);
// get type of typeinfo class
const llvm::StructType* stype = isaStruct(base->type->llvmType->get());
// initializer vector
std::vector<llvm::Constant*> sinits;
// first is always the vtable
sinits.push_back(base->llvmVtbl);
// create elements array
assert(tinfo->ty == Ttuple);
TypeTuple *tu = (TypeTuple *)tinfo;
size_t dim = tu->arguments->dim;
std::vector<llvm::Constant*> arrInits;
const llvm::Type* tiTy = Type::typeinfo->type->llvmType->get();
tiTy = llvm::PointerType::get(tiTy);
for (size_t i = 0; i < dim; i++)
{
Argument *arg = (Argument *)tu->arguments->data[i];
arg->type->getTypeInfo(NULL);
DtoForceDeclareDsymbol(arg->type->vtinfo);
assert(arg->type->vtinfo->llvmValue);
llvm::Constant* c = isaConstant(arg->type->vtinfo->llvmValue);
c = llvm::ConstantExpr::getBitCast(c, tiTy);
arrInits.push_back(c);
}
// build array type
const llvm::ArrayType* arrTy = llvm::ArrayType::get(tiTy, dim);
llvm::Constant* arrC = llvm::ConstantArray::get(arrTy, arrInits);
// build the slice
llvm::Constant* slice = DtoConstSlice(DtoConstSize_t(dim), arrC);
sinits.push_back(slice);
// create the symbol
llvm::Constant* tiInit = llvm::ConstantStruct::get(stype, sinits);
isaGlobalVar(llvmValue)->setInitializer(tiInit);
}
void TypeInfoTupleDeclaration::toDt(dt_t **pdt)
{
assert(0 && "TypeInfoTupleDeclaration");
/*
//printf("TypeInfoTupleDeclaration::toDt() %s\n", tinfo->toChars());
dtxoff(pdt, Type::typeinfotypelist->toVtblSymbol(), 0, TYnptr); // vtbl for TypeInfoInterface
dtdword(pdt, 0); // monitor
assert(tinfo->ty == Ttuple);
TypeTuple *tu = (TypeTuple *)tinfo;
size_t dim = tu->arguments->dim;
dtdword(pdt, dim); // elements.length
dt_t *d = NULL;
for (size_t i = 0; i < dim; i++)
{ Argument *arg = (Argument *)tu->arguments->data[i];
Expression *e = arg->type->getTypeInfo(NULL);
e = e->optimize(WANTvalue);
e->toDt(&d);
}
Symbol *s;
s = static_sym();
s->Sdt = d;
outdata(s);
dtxoff(pdt, s, 0, TYnptr); // elements.ptr
*/
assert(0);
}

6
llvmdc.kdevelop.filelist
View file

@ -148,6 +148,7 @@ lphobos/internal/aApplyR.d
lphobos/internal/aaA.d
lphobos/internal/adi.d
lphobos/internal/arrays.d
lphobos/internal/cast.d
lphobos/internal/contract.d
lphobos/internal/mem.d
lphobos/internal/moduleinit.d
@ -338,7 +339,6 @@ test/classinfo1.d
test/classinfo2.d
test/classinfo3.d
test/classinfo4.d
test/classinfo5.d
test/comma.d
test/complex1.d
test/complex2.d
@ -378,6 +378,10 @@ test/imag1.d
test/imports2.d
test/imports_1of2.d
test/imports_2of2.d
test/interface1.d
test/interface2.d
test/interface3.d
test/interface4.d
test/intrinsics.d
test/mainargs1.d
test/memory1.d

4
lphobos/build.sh
View file

@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ echo "compiling typeinfo 2"
rebuild typeinfos2.d -c -oqobj -dc=llvmdc-posix || exit 1
llvm-link -f -o=../lib/llvmdcore.bc `ls obj/typeinfo2.*.bc` ../lib/llvmdcore.bc || exit 1
echo "compiling object/interface casting runtime support"
llvmdc internal/cast.d -c -odobj || exit 1
llvm-link -f -o=../lib/llvmdcore.bc obj/cast.bc ../lib/llvmdcore.bc || exit 1
echo "compiling string foreach runtime support"
llvmdc internal/aApply.d -c -odobj || exit 1
llvmdc internal/aApplyR.d -c -odobj || exit 1

182
lphobos/internal/cast.d Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
/*
* Copyright (C) 2004-2006 by Digital Mars, www.digitalmars.com
* Written by Walter Bright
*
* This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
* warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
* arising from the use of this software.
*
* Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
* including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
* freely, in both source and binary form, subject to the following
* restrictions:
*
* o The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
* claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
* in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
* appreciated but is not required.
* o Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not
* be misrepresented as being the original software.
* o This notice may not be removed or altered from any source
* distribution.
*/
import object;
import std.c.stdio;
extern (C):
/******************************************
* Given a pointer:
* If it is an Object, return that Object.
* If it is an interface, return the Object implementing the interface.
* If it is null, return null.
* Else, undefined crash
*/
Object _d_toObject(void* p)
{ Object o;
if (p)
{
o = cast(Object)p;
//ClassInfo oc = o.classinfo;
Interface *pi = **cast(Interface ***)p;
/* Interface.offset lines up with ClassInfo.name.ptr,
* so we rely on pointers never being less than 64K,
* and Objects never being greater.
*/
if (pi.offset < 0x10000)
{
//printf("\tpi.offset = %d\n", pi.offset);
o = cast(Object)(p - pi.offset);
}
}
return o;
}
/*************************************
* Attempts to cast Object o to class c.
* Returns o if successful, null if not.
*/
Object _d_interface_cast(void* p, ClassInfo c)
{ Object o;
//printf("_d_interface_cast(p = %p, c = '%.*s')\n", p, c.name);
if (p)
{
Interface *pi = **cast(Interface ***)p;
//printf("\tpi.offset = %d\n", pi.offset);
o = cast(Object)(p - pi.offset);
return _d_dynamic_cast(o, c);
}
return o;
}
Object _d_dynamic_cast(Object o, ClassInfo c)
{ ClassInfo oc;
uint offset = 0;
//printf("_d_dynamic_cast(o = %p, c = '%.*s')\n", o, c.name);
if (o)
{
oc = o.classinfo;
if (_d_isbaseof2(oc, c, offset))
{
//printf("\toffset = %d\n", offset);
o = cast(Object)(cast(void*)o + offset);
}
else
o = null;
}
//printf("\tresult = %p\n", o);
return o;
}
int _d_isbaseof2(ClassInfo oc, ClassInfo c, inout uint offset)
{ int i;
if (oc is c)
return 1;
do
{
if (oc.base is c)
return 1;
for (i = 0; i < oc.interfaces.length; i++)
{
ClassInfo ic;
ic = oc.interfaces[i].classinfo;
if (ic is c)
{ offset = oc.interfaces[i].offset;
return 1;
}
}
for (i = 0; i < oc.interfaces.length; i++)
{
ClassInfo ic;
ic = oc.interfaces[i].classinfo;
if (_d_isbaseof2(ic, c, offset))
{ offset = oc.interfaces[i].offset;
return 1;
}
}
oc = oc.base;
} while (oc);
return 0;
}
int _d_isbaseof(ClassInfo oc, ClassInfo c)
{ int i;
if (oc is c)
return 1;
do
{
if (oc.base is c)
return 1;
for (i = 0; i < oc.interfaces.length; i++)
{
ClassInfo ic;
ic = oc.interfaces[i].classinfo;
if (ic is c || _d_isbaseof(ic, c))
return 1;
}
oc = oc.base;
} while (oc);
return 0;
}
/*********************************
* Find the vtbl[] associated with Interface ic.
*/
void *_d_interface_vtbl(ClassInfo ic, Object o)
{ int i;
ClassInfo oc;
//printf("__d_interface_vtbl(o = %p, ic = %p)\n", o, ic);
assert(o);
oc = o.classinfo;
for (i = 0; i < oc.interfaces.length; i++)
{
ClassInfo oic;
oic = oc.interfaces[i].classinfo;
if (oic is ic)
{
return cast(void *)oc.interfaces[i].vtbl;
}
}
assert(0);
}

8
lphobos/internal/objectimpl.d
View file

@ -879,8 +879,6 @@ class TypeInfo_Class : TypeInfo
ClassInfo info;
}
/+
class TypeInfo_Interface : TypeInfo
{
char[] toString() { return info.name; }
@ -944,8 +942,6 @@ class TypeInfo_Interface : TypeInfo
ClassInfo info;
}
+/
class TypeInfo_Struct : TypeInfo
{
char[] toString() { return name; }
@ -1038,8 +1034,6 @@ class TypeInfo_Struct : TypeInfo
uint m_flags;
}
/+
class TypeInfo_Tuple : TypeInfo
{
TypeInfo[] elements;
@ -1102,8 +1096,6 @@ class TypeInfo_Tuple : TypeInfo
}
}
+/
class TypeInfo_Const : TypeInfo
{
char[] toString() { return "const " ~ base.toString(); }

22
test/interface1.d Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
module interface1;
interface Inter
{
void func();
}
class Class : Inter
{
override void func()
{
printf("hello world\n");
}
}
void main()
{
scope c = new Class;
c.func();
Inter i = c;
i.func();
}

35
test/interface2.d Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
module interface2;
interface A
{
void a();
}
interface B
{
void b();
}
class C : A,B
{
int i = 0;
override void a()
{
printf("hello from C.a\n");
}
override void b()
{
printf("hello from C.b\n");
}
}
void main()
{
scope c = new C;
{c.a();
c.b();}
{A a = c;
a.a();}
{B b = c;
b.b();}
}

28
test/interface3.d Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
module interface3;
interface I
{
void func();
}
class C : I
{
int i = 42;
override void func()
{
printf("hello %d\n", i);
i++;
}
}
void main()
{
scope c = new C;
{c.func();}
{
I i = c;
{i.func();}
}
{printf("final %d\n", c.i);}
{assert(c.i == 44);}
}

33
test/interface4.d Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
module interface4;
interface I
{
void func();
}
interface I2
{
void func();
}
class C : I,I2
{
int i = 42;
override void func()
{
printf("hello %d\n", i);
i++;
}
}
void main()
{
scope c = new C;
c.func();
I i = c;
i.func();
I2 i2 = c;
i2.func();
printf("final %d\n", c.i);
assert(c.i == 45);
}