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lesson#8/main.d

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+import std.stdio: writeln; 		// input/output
+
+import std.conv: to; 			// for converting one data type to another
+
+import std.ascii: isDigit; 		// a library to work with unicode characters
+
+void main() {
+	int intNum = 42;
+	double doubleNum = to!double(intNum);
+	// doubleNum = intNum.to!double;
+
+	writeln("intNum: ", intNum, " | doubleNum: ", doubleNum);
+
+/*
+	double dNum = 35.8;
+	int iNum = dNum.to!int;
+
+	writeln("iNum: ", iNum, " | dNum: ", dNum); */
+
+
+/*	char c = '5';
+	int a = c.to!int;
+	writeln("a = ", a);
+
+	a = to!int(c - '0');
+	writeln("a = ", a); */
+
+
+	checkIfDigit('5');
+	checkIfDigit('A');
+	checkIfDigit('/');
+}
+
+void checkIfDigit(char arg) {
+	if(isDigit(arg)) {
+		writeln("arg(", arg, ") is a digit!");
+	} else {
+		writeln("Error: arg(", arg, ") is undefined!");
+	}
+}

lesson#8/ticTacToe.d

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+//	Creating Tic Tac Toe (Noughts and Crosses) game
+//	LET'S LEARN: passing a variable by value and by reference
+
+import std.stdio: writeln, write, readf, readln;
+import std.string: strip;
+import std.conv: to;
+import std.ascii: isDigit;
+
+void main() {
+	// game board
+	char[3][3] board = ' ';
+
+	// if true, player 1 makes a move, if false, player 2 makes a move
+	bool playerOneMove = true;
+	
+	// mainMenu returns false if player decides to play, true if player exits
+	bool gameOver = mainMenu();
+	while(!gameOver) {
+		print(board);
+
+		// read X coordiante
+		char x;
+		write("x:_");
+		readf(" %s", x);
+
+		// read Y coordinate
+		char y;
+		write("y:_");
+		readf(" %s", y);
+
+		if(checkIfDigit(x) && checkIfDigit(y)) {
+			int X = to!int(x - '0');
+			int Y = to!int(y - '0');
+
+			// if coordinates point to an empty slot, then make a move, otherwise, it is occupied by another piece
+			if(board[Y][X] == ' ') {
+				if(playerOneMove) {
+					board[Y][X] = 'x';
+				} else {
+					board[Y][X] = 'o';
+				}
+
+				playerOneMove = !playerOneMove;
+			} else {
+				writeln();
+				writeln();
+				writeln("*************************************");
+				writeln("Position ", x, ", ", y, " is occupied! Try again.");
+				writeln("*************************************");
+			}
+		}
+
+		// checking whether the game is over
+		check(board, gameOver);
+	}
+
+	print(board);
+	if(playerOneMove) {
+		writeln("Player O won!");
+	} else {
+		writeln("Player X won!");
+	}
+	writeln("Thanks for playing!");
+}
+
+bool checkIfDigit(char arg) {
+	if(isDigit(arg)) {
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	writeln();
+	writeln("Error: arg(", arg, ") is not a number! Try again!");
+	return false;
+}
+
+bool mainMenu() {
+	writeln("Hello! Welcome to Tic Tac Toe game!");
+	writeln("(1) Play");
+	writeln("(2) Exit");
+	write(":_");
+
+	string line = strip(readln());
+	if(line == "play" || line == "Play" || line == "1" || line == "p") { // if line = to either of these, then play, else, quit
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+// drawing the Tic Tac Toe game board
+void print(char[3][3] array) {
+	writeln();
+	writeln();
+
+	for(int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+		write("\t", i); // '\t' character means tab
+	}
+	writeln();
+
+	writeln("_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _");
+	for(int i  = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+		write(i);
+		for(int j = 0; j < array[i].length; j++) {
+			write("   |   ", array[i][j]);
+		}
+		writeln();
+		writeln("_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _");
+	}
+
+	writeln();
+	writeln();
+}
+
+void check(char[3][3] array, ref bool gameOver) {
+	// checking if rows are Xs or Os
+	for(int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+		if(array[i][0] != ' ' && array[i][1] != ' ' && array[i][2] != ' ') {
+			if(array[i][0] == array[i][1] && array[i][1] == array[i][2]) {
+				gameOver = true;
+			}
+		}
+	} 
+
+	// checking if colomns are Xs or Os
+	for(int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+		if(array[0][i] != ' ' && array[1][i] != ' ' && array[2][i] != ' ') {
+			if(array[0][i] == array[1][i] && array[1][i] == array[2][i]) {
+				gameOver = true;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// checking if the diagonal slots starting from 0, 0 are Xs or Os
+	if(array[0][0] != ' ' && array[1][1] != ' ' && array[2][2] != ' ') {
+		if(array[0][0] == array[1][1] && array[1][1] == array[2][2]) {
+			gameOver = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	// checking if the diagonal slots starting from 2, 0 are Xs or Os
+	if(array[2][0] != ' ' && array[1][1] != ' ' && array[0][2] != ' ') {
+		if(array[2][0] == array[1][1] && array[1][1] == array[0][2]) {
+			gameOver = true;
+		}
+	}
+}
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