diff --git a/cgi.d b/cgi.d
index caee996..eee1982 100644
--- a/cgi.d
+++ b/cgi.d
@@ -5801,7 +5801,7 @@ void dispatchRpcServer(Interface, Class)(Class this_, ubyte[] data, int fd) if(i
 	import std.traits;
 
 	sw: switch(calledIdx) {
-		static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, Interface))
+		foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, Interface))
 		static if(__traits(isVirtualFunction, __traits(getMember, Interface, memberName))) {
 			case idx:
 				assert(calledFunction == __traits(getMember, Interface, memberName).mangleof);
@@ -7203,7 +7203,7 @@ auto callFromCgi(alias method, T)(T dg, Cgi cgi) {
 	// first, check for missing arguments and initialize to defaults if necessary
 
 	static if(is(typeof(method) P == __parameters))
-	static foreach(idx, param; P) {{
+	foreach(idx, param; P) {{
 		// see: mustNotBeSetFromWebParams
 		static if(is(param : Cgi)) {
 			static assert(!is(param == immutable));
@@ -7213,7 +7213,7 @@ auto callFromCgi(alias method, T)(T dg, Cgi cgi) {
 			cast() params[idx] = cgi.getSessionObject!D();
 		} else {
 			bool populated;
-			static foreach(uda; __traits(getAttributes, P[idx .. idx + 1])) {
+			foreach(uda; __traits(getAttributes, P[idx .. idx + 1])) {
 				static if(is(uda == ifCalledFromWeb!func, alias func)) {
 					static if(is(typeof(func(cgi))))
 						params[idx] = func(cgi);
@@ -7279,7 +7279,7 @@ auto callFromCgi(alias method, T)(T dg, Cgi cgi) {
 
 					// set the child member
 					switch(paramName) {
-						static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(allMembers, T))
+						foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(allMembers, T))
 						static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, T, memberName).offsetof)) {
 							// data member!
 							case memberName:
@@ -7373,7 +7373,7 @@ auto callFromCgi(alias method, T)(T dg, Cgi cgi) {
 
 		sw: switch(paramName) {
 			static if(is(typeof(method) P == __parameters))
-			static foreach(idx, param; P) {
+			foreach(idx, param; P) {
 				static if(mustNotBeSetFromWebParams!(P[idx], __traits(getAttributes, P[idx .. idx + 1]))) {
 					// cannot be set from the outside
 				} else {
@@ -7424,7 +7424,7 @@ private bool mustNotBeSetFromWebParams(T, attrs...)() {
 	} else static if(__traits(compiles, T.getAutomaticallyForCgi(Cgi.init))) {
 		return true;
 	} else {
-		static foreach(uda; attrs)
+		foreach(uda; attrs)
 			static if(is(uda == ifCalledFromWeb!func, alias func))
 				return true;
 		return false;
@@ -7432,7 +7432,7 @@ private bool mustNotBeSetFromWebParams(T, attrs...)() {
 }
 
 private bool hasIfCalledFromWeb(attrs...)() {
-	static foreach(uda; attrs)
+	foreach(uda; attrs)
 		static if(is(uda == ifCalledFromWeb!func, alias func))
 			return true;
 	return false;
@@ -7672,7 +7672,7 @@ html", true, true);
 	/// Multiple responses deconstruct the algebraic type and forward to the appropriate handler at runtime
 	void presentSuccessfulReturnAsHtml(T : MultipleResponses!Types, Types...)(Cgi cgi, T ret) {
 		bool outputted = false;
-		static foreach(index, type; Types) {
+		foreach(index, type; Types) {
 			if(ret.contains == index) {
 				assert(!outputted);
 				outputted = true;
@@ -7787,7 +7787,7 @@ html", true, true);
 			auto fieldset = div.addChild("fieldset");
 			fieldset.addChild("legend", beautify(T.stringof)); // FIXME
 			fieldset.addChild("input", name);
-			static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(allMembers, T))
+			foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(allMembers, T))
 			static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, T, memberName).offsetof)) {
 				fieldset.appendChild(elementFor!(typeof(__traits(getMember, T, memberName)))(beautify(memberName), name ~ "." ~ memberName));
 			}
@@ -7871,13 +7871,13 @@ html", true, true);
 		//alias defaults = ParameterDefaults!method;
 
 		static if(is(typeof(method) P == __parameters))
-		static foreach(idx, _; P) {{
+		foreach(idx, _; P) {{
 
 			alias param = P[idx .. idx + 1];
 
 			static if(!mustNotBeSetFromWebParams!(param[0], __traits(getAttributes, param))) {
 				string displayName = beautify(__traits(identifier, param));
-				static foreach(attr; __traits(getAttributes, param))
+				foreach(attr; __traits(getAttributes, param))
 					static if(is(typeof(attr) == DisplayName))
 						displayName = attr.name;
 				auto i = form.appendChild(elementFor!(param)(displayName, __traits(identifier, param)));
@@ -7905,10 +7905,10 @@ html", true, true);
 		//alias idents = ParameterIdentifierTuple!method;
 		//alias defaults = ParameterDefaults!method;
 
-		static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, T)) {{
+		foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, T)) {{
 		static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, obj, memberName).offsetof)) {
 			string displayName = beautify(memberName);
-			static foreach(attr; __traits(getAttributes,  __traits(getMember, T, memberName)))
+			foreach(attr; __traits(getAttributes,  __traits(getMember, T, memberName)))
 				static if(is(typeof(attr) == DisplayName))
 					displayName = attr.name;
 			form.appendChild(elementFor!(typeof(__traits(getMember, T, memberName)))(displayName, memberName));
@@ -7930,7 +7930,7 @@ html", true, true);
 		} else static if(is(T : Element)) {
 			return t;
 		} else static if(is(T == MultipleResponses!Types, Types...)) {
-			static foreach(index, type; Types) {
+			foreach(index, type; Types) {
 				if(t.contains == index)
 					return formatReturnValueAsHtml(t.payload[index]);
 			}
@@ -7949,7 +7949,7 @@ html", true, true);
 			auto dl = Element.make("dl");
 			dl.addClass("automatic-data-display");
 
-			static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(allMembers, T))
+			foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(allMembers, T))
 			static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, T, memberName).offsetof)) {
 				dl.addChild("dt", memberName);
 				dl.addChild("dt", formatReturnValueAsHtml(__traits(getMember, t, memberName)));
@@ -7964,7 +7964,7 @@ html", true, true);
 				auto table = cast(Table) Element.make("table");
 				table.addClass("automatic-data-display");
 				string[] names;
-				static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, E))
+				foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, E))
 				static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, E, memberName).offsetof)) {
 					names ~= beautify(memberName);
 				}
@@ -7972,7 +7972,7 @@ html", true, true);
 
 				foreach(l; t) {
 					auto tr = table.appendRow();
-					static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, E))
+					foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, E))
 					static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, E, memberName).offsetof)) {
 						static if(memberName == "id") {
 							string val = to!string(__traits(getMember, l, memberName));
@@ -7990,7 +7990,7 @@ html", true, true);
 				auto table = cast(Table) Element.make("table");
 				table.addClass("automatic-data-display");
 				string[] names;
-				static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(allMembers, E))
+				foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(allMembers, E))
 				static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, E, memberName).offsetof)) {
 					names ~= beautify(memberName);
 				}
@@ -7998,7 +7998,7 @@ html", true, true);
 
 				foreach(l; t) {
 					auto tr = table.appendRow();
-					static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(allMembers, E))
+					foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(allMembers, E))
 					static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, E, memberName).offsetof)) {
 						tr.addChild("td", formatReturnValueAsHtml(__traits(getMember, l, memberName)));
 					}
@@ -8087,7 +8087,7 @@ struct MultipleResponses(T...) {
 					alias findHandler = findHandler!(type, HandlersToCheck[1 .. $]);
 			}
 		}
-		static foreach(index, type; T) {{
+		foreach(index, type; T) {
 			alias handler = findHandler!(type, Handlers);
 			static if(is(handler == void))
 				static assert(0, "Type " ~ type.stringof ~ " was not handled by visitor");
@@ -8095,7 +8095,7 @@ struct MultipleResponses(T...) {
 				if(index == contains)
 					handler(payload[index]);
 			}
-		}}
+		}
 	}
 
 	/+
@@ -8195,7 +8195,7 @@ private auto serveApiInternal(T)(string urlPrefix) {
 			static if(is(typeof(T.__ctor) P == __parameters)) {
 				P params;
 
-				static foreach(pidx, param; P) {
+				foreach(pidx, param; P) {
 					static if(is(param : Cgi)) {
 						static assert(!is(param == immutable));
 						cast() params[pidx] = cgi;
@@ -8205,7 +8205,7 @@ private auto serveApiInternal(T)(string urlPrefix) {
 
 					} else {
 						static if(hasIfCalledFromWeb!(__traits(getAttributes, P[pidx .. pidx + 1]))) {
-							static foreach(uda; __traits(getAttributes, P[pidx .. pidx + 1])) {
+							foreach(uda; __traits(getAttributes, P[pidx .. pidx + 1])) {
 								static if(is(uda == ifCalledFromWeb!func, alias func)) {
 									static if(is(typeof(func(cgi))))
 										params[pidx] = func(cgi);
@@ -8285,9 +8285,9 @@ private auto serveApiInternal(T)(string urlPrefix) {
 			hack ~= "/";
 
 		switch(hack) {
-			static foreach(methodName; __traits(derivedMembers, T))
+			foreach(methodName; __traits(derivedMembers, T))
 			static if(methodName != "__ctor")
-			static foreach(idx, overload; __traits(getOverloads, T, methodName)) {{
+			foreach(idx, overload; __traits(getOverloads, T, methodName)) {
 			static if(is(typeof(overload) P == __parameters))
 			static if(is(typeof(overload) R == return))
 			static if(__traits(getProtection, overload) == "public" || __traits(getProtection, overload) == "export")
@@ -8305,7 +8305,9 @@ private auto serveApiInternal(T)(string urlPrefix) {
 
 					P params;
 
-					static foreach(pidx, param; P) {
+					string ident;
+
+					foreach(pidx, param; P) {
 						static if(is(param : Cgi)) {
 							static assert(!is(param == immutable));
 							cast() params[pidx] = cgi;
@@ -8314,7 +8316,7 @@ private auto serveApiInternal(T)(string urlPrefix) {
 							cast() params[pidx] = cgi.getSessionObject!D();
 						} else {
 							static if(hasIfCalledFromWeb!(__traits(getAttributes, P[pidx .. pidx + 1]))) {
-								static foreach(uda; __traits(getAttributes, P[pidx .. pidx + 1])) {
+								foreach(uda; __traits(getAttributes, P[pidx .. pidx + 1])) {
 									static if(is(uda == ifCalledFromWeb!func, alias func)) {
 										static if(is(typeof(func(cgi))))
 											params[pidx] = func(cgi);
@@ -8327,7 +8329,7 @@ private auto serveApiInternal(T)(string urlPrefix) {
 								static if(__traits(compiles, { params[pidx] = param.getAutomaticallyForCgi(cgi); } )) {
 									params[pidx] = param.getAutomaticallyForCgi(cgi);
 								} else static if(is(param == string)) {
-									auto ident = nextPieceFromSlash(remainingUrl);
+									ident = nextPieceFromSlash(remainingUrl);
 									if(ident is null) {
 										// trailing slash mandated on subresources
 										cgi.setResponseLocation(cgi.pathInfo ~ "/");
@@ -8442,7 +8444,7 @@ private auto serveApiInternal(T)(string urlPrefix) {
 							auto ret = callFromCgi!(__traits(getOverloads, obj, methodName)[idx])(&(__traits(getOverloads, obj, methodName)[idx]), cgi);
 							static if(is(typeof(ret) == MultipleResponses!Types, Types...)) {
 								var json;
-								static foreach(index, type; Types) {
+								foreach(index, type; Types) {
 									if(ret.contains == index)
 										json = ret.payload[index];
 								}
@@ -8469,7 +8471,7 @@ private auto serveApiInternal(T)(string urlPrefix) {
 				//return true;
 				}
 			}
-			}}
+			}
 			case "script.js":
 				cgi.setResponseContentType("text/javascript");
 				cgi.gzipResponse = true;
@@ -8491,7 +8493,7 @@ private auto serveApiInternal(T)(string urlPrefix) {
 
 string defaultFormat(alias method)() {
 	bool nonConstConditionForWorkingAroundASpuriousDmdWarning = true;
-	static foreach(attr; __traits(getAttributes, method)) {
+	foreach(attr; __traits(getAttributes, method)) {
 		static if(is(typeof(attr) == DefaultFormat)) {
 			if(nonConstConditionForWorkingAroundASpuriousDmdWarning)
 				return attr.value;
@@ -8504,7 +8506,7 @@ string[] urlNamesForMethod(alias method)(string def) {
 	auto verb = Cgi.RequestMethod.GET;
 	bool foundVerb = false;
 	bool foundNoun = false;
-	static foreach(attr; __traits(getAttributes, method)) {
+	foreach(attr; __traits(getAttributes, method)) {
 		static if(is(typeof(attr) == Cgi.RequestMethod)) {
 			verb = attr;
 			if(foundVerb)
@@ -8883,7 +8885,7 @@ bool restObjectServeHandler(T, Presenter)(Cgi cgi, Presenter presenter, string u
 		div.addClass("Dclass_" ~ T.stringof);
 		div.dataset.url = urlId;
 		bool first = true;
-		static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, T))
+		foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, T))
 		static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, obj, memberName).offsetof)) {
 			if(!first) div.addChild("br"); else first = false;
 			div.appendChild(presenter.formatReturnValueAsHtml(__traits(getMember, obj, memberName)));
@@ -8893,7 +8895,7 @@ bool restObjectServeHandler(T, Presenter)(Cgi cgi, Presenter presenter, string u
 	obj.toJsonFromReflection = delegate(t) {
 		import arsd.jsvar;
 		var v = var.emptyObject();
-		static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, T))
+		foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, T))
 		static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, obj, memberName).offsetof)) {
 			v[memberName] = __traits(getMember, obj, memberName);
 		}
@@ -8927,7 +8929,7 @@ bool restObjectServeHandler(T, Presenter)(Cgi cgi, Presenter presenter, string u
 
 
 	static void applyChangesTemplate(Obj)(Cgi cgi, Obj obj) {
-		static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, Obj))
+		foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, Obj))
 		static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, obj, memberName).offsetof)) {
 			__traits(getMember, obj, memberName) = cgi.request(memberName, __traits(getMember, obj, memberName));
 		}
@@ -8996,7 +8998,7 @@ bool restObjectServeHandler(T, Presenter)(Cgi cgi, Presenter presenter, string u
 							var json = var.emptyArray;
 							foreach(r; results.results) {
 								var o = var.emptyObject;
-								static foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, typeof(r)))
+								foreach(idx, memberName; __traits(derivedMembers, typeof(r)))
 								static if(__traits(compiles, __traits(getMember, r, memberName).offsetof)) {
 									o[memberName] = __traits(getMember, r, memberName);
 								}
@@ -9358,7 +9360,7 @@ template dispatcher(definitions...) {
 
 	bool dispatcher(DispatcherData)(DispatcherData dispatcherData) if(!is(DispatcherData : Cgi)) {
 		// I can prolly make this more efficient later but meh.
-		static foreach(definition; definitions) {
+		foreach(definition; definitions) {
 			if(definition.rejectFurther) {
 				if(dispatcherData.cgi.pathInfo[dispatcherData.pathInfoStart .. $] == definition.urlPrefix) {
 					auto ret = definition.handler(
diff --git a/color.d b/color.d
index 2d3d270..f5f2afe 100644
--- a/color.d
+++ b/color.d
@@ -1487,6 +1487,8 @@ struct Point {
 struct Size {
 	int width; ///
 	int height; ///
+
+	int area() pure nothrow @safe const @nogc { return width * height; }
 }
 
 ///
diff --git a/gamehelpers.d b/gamehelpers.d
index 63368d4..54598a5 100644
--- a/gamehelpers.d
+++ b/gamehelpers.d
@@ -1,525 +1,28 @@
-// WORK IN PROGRESS
-
-// register cheat code? or even a fighting game combo..
-
 /++
-	An add-on for simpledisplay.d, joystick.d, and simpleaudio.d
-	that includes helper functions for writing simple games (and perhaps
-	other multimedia programs). Whereas simpledisplay works with
-	an event-driven framework, gamehelpers always uses a consistent
-	timer for updates.
+	Note: much of the functionality of gamehelpers was moved to [arsd.game] on May 3, 2020.
+	If you used that code, change `import arsd.gamehelpers;` to `import arsd.game;` and add
+	game.d to your build (in addition to gamehelpers.d; the new game.d still imports this module)
+	and you should be good to go.
 
-	Usage example:
+	This module now builds on only [arsd.color] to provide additional algorithm functions
+	and data types that are common in games.
 
-	---
-	final class MyGame : GameHelperBase {
-		/// Called when it is time to redraw the frame
-		/// it will try for a particular FPS
-		override void drawFrame() {
-			glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GL_ACCUM_BUFFER_BIT);
-
-			glLoadIdentity();
-
-			glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
-			glTranslatef(x, y, 0);
-			glBegin(GL_QUADS);
-
-			glVertex2i(0, 0);
-			glVertex2i(16, 0);
-			glVertex2i(16, 16);
-			glVertex2i(0, 16);
-
-			glEnd();
-		}
-
-		int x, y;
-		override bool update(Duration deltaTime) {
-			x += 1;
-			y += 1;
-			return true;
-		}
-
-		override SimpleWindow getWindow() {
-			auto window = create2dWindow("My game");
-			// load textures and such here
-			return window;
-		}
-
-		final void fillAudioBuffer(short[] buffer) {
-
-		}
-	}
-
-	void main() {
-		auto game = new MyGame();
-
-		runGame(game, maxRedrawRate, maxUpdateRate);
-	}
-	---
-
-	It provides an audio thread, input scaffold, and helper functions.
-
-
-	The MyGame handler is actually a template, so you don't have virtual
-	function indirection and not all functions are required. The interfaces
-	are just to help you get the signatures right, they don't force virtual
-	dispatch at runtime.
+	History:
+		Massive change on May 3, 2020 to move the previous flagship class out and to
+		a new module, [arsd.game], to make this one lighter on dependencies, just
+		containing helpers rather than a consolidated omnibus import.
 +/
 module arsd.gamehelpers;
 
-public import arsd.color;
-public import arsd.simpledisplay;
-public import arsd.simpleaudio;
+deprecated("change `import arsd.gamehelpers;` to `import arsd.game;`")
+void* create2dWindow(string title, int width = 512, int height = 512) { return null; }
+
+deprecated("change `import arsd.gamehelpers;` to `import arsd.game;`")
+class GameHelperBase {}
 
 import std.math;
-public import core.time;
-
-public import arsd.joystick;
-
-SimpleWindow create2dWindow(string title, int width = 512, int height = 512) {
-	auto window = new SimpleWindow(width, height, title, OpenGlOptions.yes);
-
-	window.setAsCurrentOpenGlContext();
-
-	glEnable(GL_BLEND);
-	glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
-	glClearColor(0,0,0,0);
-	glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);
-
-	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
-	glLoadIdentity();
-	glOrtho(0, width, height, 0, 0, 1);
-
-	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
-	glLoadIdentity();
-	glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
-	glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
-
-	return window;
-}
-
-/// This is the base class for your game.
-class GameHelperBase {
-	/// Implement this to draw.
-	abstract void drawFrame();
-
-	/// Implement this to update. The deltaTime tells how much real time has passed since the last update.
-	/// Returns true if anything changed, which will queue up a redraw
-	abstract bool update(Duration deltaTime);
-	//abstract void fillAudioBuffer(short[] buffer);
-
-	/// Returns the main game window. This function will only be
-	/// called once if you use runGame. You should return a window
-	/// here like one created with `create2dWindow`.
-	abstract SimpleWindow getWindow();
-
-	/// Override this and return true to initialize the audio system.
-	/// Note that trying to use the [audio] member without this will segfault!
-	bool wantAudio() { return false; }
-
-	/// You must override [wantAudio] and return true for this to be valid;
-	AudioPcmOutThread audio;
-
-	this() {
-		if(wantAudio) {
-			audio = new AudioPcmOutThread();
-		}
-	}
-
-	protected bool redrawForced;
-
-	/// Forces a redraw even if update returns false
-	final public void forceRedraw() {
-		redrawForced = true;
-	}
-
-	/// These functions help you handle user input. It offers polling functions for
-	/// keyboard, mouse, joystick, and virtual controller input.
-	///
-	/// The virtual digital controllers are best to use if that model fits you because it
-	/// works with several kinds of controllers as well as keyboards.
-
-	JoystickUpdate[4] joysticks;
-	ref JoystickUpdate joystick1() { return joysticks[0]; }
-
-	bool[256] keyboardState;
-
-	VirtualController snes;
-}
-
-/++
-	The virtual controller is based on the SNES. If you need more detail, try using
-	the joystick or keyboard and mouse members directly.
-
-	```
-	 l          r
-
-	 U          X
-	L R  s  S  Y A
-	 D          B
-	```
-
-	For Playstation and XBox controllers plugged into the computer,
-	it picks those buttons based on similar layout on the physical device.
-
-	For keyboard control, arrows and WASD are mapped to the d-pad (ULRD in the diagram),
-	Q and E are mapped to the shoulder buttons (l and r in the diagram).So are U and P.
-
-	Z, X, C, V (for when right hand is on arrows) and K,L,I,O (for left hand on WASD) are mapped to B,A,Y,X buttons.
-
-	G is mapped to select (s), and H is mapped to start (S).
-
-	The space bar and enter keys are also set to button A, with shift mapped to button B.
-
-
-	Only player 1 is mapped to the keyboard.
-+/
-struct VirtualController {
-	ushort state;
-
-	enum Button {
-		Up, Left, Right, Down,
-		X, A, B, Y,
-		Select, Start, L, R
-	}
-
-	bool opIndex(Button idx) {
-		return (state & (1 << (cast(int) idx))) ? true : false;
-	}
-	private void opIndexAssign(bool value, Button idx) {
-		if(value)
-			state |= (1 << (cast(int) idx));
-		else
-			state &= ~(1 << (cast(int) idx));
-	}
-}
-
-/// The max rates are given in executions per second
-/// Redraw will never be called unless there has been at least one update
-void runGame(T : GameHelperBase)(T game, int maxUpdateRate = 20, int maxRedrawRate = 0) {
-	// this is a template btw because then it can statically dispatch
-	// the members instead of going through the virtual interface.
-	if(game.audio !is null) {
-		game.audio.start();
-	}
-
-	scope(exit)
-	if(game.audio !is null) {
-		import std.stdio;
-		game.audio.stop();
-		game.audio.join();
-		game.audio = null;
-	}
-
-
-	int joystickPlayers = enableJoystickInput();
-	scope(exit) closeJoysticks();
-
-	auto window = game.getWindow();
-
-	window.redrawOpenGlScene = &game.drawFrame;
-
-	auto lastUpdate = MonoTime.currTime;
-
-	window.eventLoop(1000 / maxUpdateRate,
-		delegate() {
-			foreach(p; 0 .. joystickPlayers) {
-				version(linux)
-					readJoystickEvents(joystickFds[p]);
-				auto update = getJoystickUpdate(p);
-
-				if(p == 0) {
-					static if(__traits(isSame, Button, PS1Buttons)) {
-						// PS1 style joystick mapping compiled in
-						with(Button) with(VirtualController.Button) {
-							if(update.buttonWasJustPressed(square)) game.snes[Y] = true;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustPressed(triangle)) game.snes[X] = true;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustPressed(cross)) game.snes[B] = true;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustPressed(circle)) game.snes[A] = true;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustPressed(select)) game.snes[Select] = true;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustPressed(start)) game.snes[Start] = true;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustPressed(l1)) game.snes[L] = true;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustPressed(r1)) game.snes[R] = true;
-							// note: no need to check analog stick here cuz joystick.d already does it for us (per old playstation tradition)
-							if(update.axisChange(Axis.horizontalDpad) < 0 && update.axisPosition(Axis.horizontalDpad) < -8) game.snes[Left] = true;
-							if(update.axisChange(Axis.horizontalDpad) > 0 && update.axisPosition(Axis.horizontalDpad) > 8) game.snes[Right] = true;
-							if(update.axisChange(Axis.verticalDpad) < 0 && update.axisPosition(Axis.verticalDpad) < -8) game.snes[Up] = true;
-							if(update.axisChange(Axis.verticalDpad) > 0 && update.axisPosition(Axis.verticalDpad) > 8) game.snes[Down] = true;
-
-							if(update.buttonWasJustReleased(square)) game.snes[Y] = false;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustReleased(triangle)) game.snes[X] = false;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustReleased(cross)) game.snes[B] = false;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustReleased(circle)) game.snes[A] = false;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustReleased(select)) game.snes[Select] = false;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustReleased(start)) game.snes[Start] = false;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustReleased(l1)) game.snes[L] = false;
-							if(update.buttonWasJustReleased(r1)) game.snes[R] = false;
-							if(update.axisChange(Axis.horizontalDpad) > 0 && update.axisPosition(Axis.horizontalDpad) > -8) game.snes[Left] = false;
-							if(update.axisChange(Axis.horizontalDpad) < 0 && update.axisPosition(Axis.horizontalDpad) < 8) game.snes[Right] = false;
-							if(update.axisChange(Axis.verticalDpad) > 0 && update.axisPosition(Axis.verticalDpad) > -8) game.snes[Up] = false;
-							if(update.axisChange(Axis.verticalDpad) < 0 && update.axisPosition(Axis.verticalDpad) < 8) game.snes[Down] = false;
-
-						}
-
-					} else static if(__traits(isSame, Button, XBox360Buttons)) {
-					static assert(0);
-						// XBox style mapping
-						// the reason this exists is if the programmer wants to use the xbox details, but
-						// might also want the basic controller in here. joystick.d already does translations
-						// so an xbox controller with the default build actually uses the PS1 branch above.
-						/+
-						case XBox360Buttons.a: return (what.Gamepad.wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_A) ? true : false;
-						case XBox360Buttons.b: return (what.Gamepad.wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_B) ? true : false;
-						case XBox360Buttons.x: return (what.Gamepad.wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_X) ? true : false;
-						case XBox360Buttons.y: return (what.Gamepad.wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_Y) ? true : false;
-
-						case XBox360Buttons.lb: return (what.Gamepad.wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_LEFT_SHOULDER) ? true : false;
-						case XBox360Buttons.rb: return (what.Gamepad.wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_SHOULDER) ? true : false;
-
-						case XBox360Buttons.back: return (what.Gamepad.wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_BACK) ? true : false;
-						case XBox360Buttons.start: return (what.Gamepad.wButtons & XINPUT_GAMEPAD_START) ? true : false;
-						+/
-					}
-				}
-
-				game.joysticks[p] = update;
-			}
-
-			auto now = MonoTime.currTime;
-			bool changed = game.update(now - lastUpdate);
-			lastUpdate = now;
-
-			if(game.redrawForced) {
-				changed = true;
-				game.redrawForced = false;
-			}
-
-			// FIXME: rate limiting
-			if(changed)
-				window.redrawOpenGlSceneNow();
-		},
-
-		delegate (KeyEvent ke) {
-			game.keyboardState[ke.hardwareCode] = ke.pressed;
-
-			with(VirtualController.Button)
-			switch(ke.key) {
-				case Key.Up, Key.W: game.snes[Up] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.Down, Key.S: game.snes[Down] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.Left, Key.A: game.snes[Left] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.Right, Key.D: game.snes[Right] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.Q, Key.U: game.snes[L] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.E, Key.P: game.snes[R] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.Z, Key.K: game.snes[B] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.Space, Key.Enter, Key.X, Key.L: game.snes[A] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.C, Key.I: game.snes[Y] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.V, Key.O: game.snes[X] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.G: game.snes[Select] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.H: game.snes[Start] = ke.pressed; break;
-				case Key.Shift, Key.Shift_r: game.snes[B] = ke.pressed; break;
-				default:
-			}
-		}
-	);
-}
-
-/++
-	Simple class for putting a TrueColorImage in as an OpenGL texture.
-
-	Doesn't do mipmapping btw.
-+/
-final class OpenGlTexture {
-	private uint _tex;
-	private int _width;
-	private int _height;
-	private float _texCoordWidth;
-	private float _texCoordHeight;
-
-	/// Calls glBindTexture
-	void bind() {
-		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, _tex);
-	}
-
-	/// For easy 2d drawing of it
-	void draw(Point where, int width = 0, int height = 0, float rotation = 0.0, Color bg = Color.white) {
-		draw(where.x, where.y, width, height, rotation, bg);
-	}
-
-	///
-	void draw(float x, float y, int width = 0, int height = 0, float rotation = 0.0, Color bg = Color.white) {
-		glPushMatrix();
-		glTranslatef(x, y, 0);
-
-		if(width == 0)
-			width = this.originalImageWidth;
-		if(height == 0)
-			height = this.originalImageHeight;
-
-		glTranslatef(cast(float) width / 2, cast(float) height / 2, 0);
-		glRotatef(rotation, 0, 0, 1);
-		glTranslatef(cast(float) -width / 2, cast(float) -height / 2, 0);
-
-		glColor4f(cast(float)bg.r/255.0, cast(float)bg.g/255.0, cast(float)bg.b/255.0, cast(float)bg.a / 255.0);
-		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, _tex);
-		glBegin(GL_QUADS); 
-			glTexCoord2f(0, 0); 				glVertex2i(0, 0);
-			glTexCoord2f(texCoordWidth, 0); 		glVertex2i(width, 0); 
-			glTexCoord2f(texCoordWidth, texCoordHeight); 	glVertex2i(width, height); 
-			glTexCoord2f(0, texCoordHeight); 		glVertex2i(0, height); 
-		glEnd();
-
-		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0); // unbind the texture
-
-		glPopMatrix();
-	}
-
-	/// Use for glTexCoord2f
-	float texCoordWidth() { return _texCoordWidth; }
-	float texCoordHeight() { return _texCoordHeight; } /// ditto
-
-	/// Returns the texture ID
-	uint tex() { return _tex; }
-
-	/// Returns the size of the image
-	int originalImageWidth() { return _width; }
-	int originalImageHeight() { return _height; } /// ditto
-
-	// explicitly undocumented, i might remove this
-	TrueColorImage from;
-
-	/// Make a texture from an image.
-	this(TrueColorImage from) {
-		bindFrom(from);
-	}
-
-	/// Generates from text. Requires ttf.d
-	/// pass a pointer to the TtfFont as the first arg (it is template cuz of lazy importing, not because it actually works with different types)
-	this(T, FONT)(FONT* font, int size, in T[] text) if(is(T == char)) {
-		bindFrom(font, size, text);
-	}
-
-	/// Creates an empty texture class for you to use with [bindFrom] later
-	/// Using it when not bound is undefined behavior.
-	this() {}
-
-
-
-	/// After you delete it with dispose, you may rebind it to something else with this.
-	void bindFrom(TrueColorImage from) {
-		assert(from !is null);
-		assert(from.width > 0 && from.height > 0);
-
-		import core.stdc.stdlib;
-
-		_width = from.width;
-		_height = from.height;
-
-		this.from = from;
-
-		auto _texWidth = _width;
-		auto _texHeight = _height;
-
-		const(ubyte)* data = from.imageData.bytes.ptr;
-		bool freeRequired = false;
-
-		// gotta round them to the nearest power of two which means padding the image
-		if((_texWidth & (_texWidth - 1)) || (_texHeight & (_texHeight - 1))) {
-			_texWidth = nextPowerOfTwo(_texWidth);
-			_texHeight = nextPowerOfTwo(_texHeight);
-
-			auto n = cast(ubyte*) malloc(_texWidth * _texHeight * 4);
-			if(n is null) assert(0);
-			scope(failure) free(n);
-
-			auto size = from.width * 4;
-			auto advance = _texWidth * 4;
-			int at = 0;
-			int at2 = 0;
-			foreach(y; 0 .. from.height) {
-				n[at .. at + size] = from.imageData.bytes[at2 .. at2+ size];
-				at += advance;
-				at2 += size;
-			}
-
-			data = n;
-			freeRequired = true;
-
-			// the rest of data will be initialized to zeros automatically which is fine.
-		}
-
-		glGenTextures(1, &_tex);
-		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex);
-
-		glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
-		glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
-		
-		glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-		glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-		
-		glTexImage2D(
-			GL_TEXTURE_2D,
-			0,
-			GL_RGBA,
-			_texWidth, // needs to be power of 2
-			_texHeight,
-			0,
-			GL_RGBA,
-			GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
-			data);
-
-		assert(!glGetError());
-
-		_texCoordWidth = cast(float) _width / _texWidth;
-		_texCoordHeight = cast(float) _height / _texHeight;
-
-		if(freeRequired)
-			free(cast(void*) data);
-		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
-	}
-
-	/// ditto
-	void bindFrom(T, FONT)(FONT* font, int size, in T[] text) if(is(T == char)) {
-		assert(font !is null);
-		int width, height;
-		auto data = font.renderString(text, size, width, height);
-		auto image = new TrueColorImage(width, height);
-		int pos = 0;
-		foreach(y; 0 .. height)
-		foreach(x; 0 .. width) {
-			image.imageData.bytes[pos++] = 255;
-			image.imageData.bytes[pos++] = 255;
-			image.imageData.bytes[pos++] = 255;
-			image.imageData.bytes[pos++] = data[0];
-			data = data[1 .. $];
-		}
-		assert(data.length == 0);
-
-		bindFrom(image);
-	}
-
-	/// Deletes the texture. Using it after calling this is undefined behavior
-	void dispose() {
-		glDeleteTextures(1, &_tex);
-		_tex = 0;
-	}
-
-	~this() {
-		if(_tex > 0)
-			dispose();
-	}
-}
-
-/+
-	FIXME: i want to do stbtt_GetBakedQuad for ASCII and use that
-	for simple cases especially numbers. for other stuff you can
-	create the texture for the text above.
-+/
-
-///
-void clearOpenGlScreen(SimpleWindow window) {
-	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GL_ACCUM_BUFFER_BIT);
-}
 
+import arsd.color;
 
 // Some math helpers
 
@@ -534,6 +37,9 @@ int nextPowerOfTwo(int v) {
 	return v;
 }
 
+/++
+	Calculates the cross product of <u1, u2, u3> and <v1, v2, v3>, putting the result in <s1, s2, s3>.
++/
 void crossProduct(
 	float u1, float u2, float u3,
 	float v1, float v2, float v3,
@@ -544,6 +50,11 @@ void crossProduct(
 	s3 = u1 * v2 - u2 * v1;
 }
 
+/++
+	3D rotates (x, y, z) theta radians about the axis represented by unit-vector (u, v, w), putting the results in (s1, s2, s3).
+
+	For example, to rotate about the Y axis, pass (0, 1, 0) as (u, v, w).
++/
 void rotateAboutAxis(
 	float theta, // in RADIANS
 	float x, float y, float z,
@@ -555,6 +66,9 @@ void rotateAboutAxis(
 	zp = w * (u*x + v*y + w*z) * (1 - cos(theta)) + z * cos(theta) + (-v*x + u*y) * sin(theta);
 }
 
+/++
+	2D rotates (rotatingX, rotatingY) theta radians about (originX, originY), putting the result in (xp, yp).
++/
 void rotateAboutPoint(
 	float theta, // in RADIANS
 	float originX, float originY,
@@ -579,3 +93,353 @@ void rotateAboutPoint(
 	xp = x + originX;
 	yp = y + originY;
 }
+
+/++
+	Represents the four basic directions on a grid. You can conveniently use it like:
+
+	---
+	Point pt = Point(5, 3);
+	pt += Dir.N; // moves up
+	---
+
+	The opposite direction btw can be gotten with `pt * -1`.
+
+	History: Added May 3, 2020
++/
+enum Dir { N = Point(0, -1), S = Point(0, 1), W = Point(-1, 0), E = Point(1, 0) }
+
+/++
+	The four directions as a static array so you can assign to a local variable
+	then shuffle, etc.
+
+	History: Added May 3, 2020
++/
+Point[4] directions() {
+	with(Dir) return [N, S, W, E];
+}
+
+/++
+	A random value off [Dir].
+
+	History: Added May 3, 2020
++/
+Point randomDirection() {
+	import std.random;
+	return directions()[uniform(0, 4)];
+}
+
+/++
+	Cycles through all the directions the given number of times. If you have
+	one cycle, it goes through each direction once in a random order. With two
+	cycles, it will move each direction twice, but in random order - can be
+	W, W, N, E, S, S, N, E, for example; it will not do the cycles in order but
+	upon completion will have gone through them all.
+
+	This can be convenient because if the character's movement is not constrained,
+	it will always return back to where it started after a random movement.
+
+	Returns: an input range of [Point]s. Please note that the current version returns
+	`Point[]`, but I reserve the right to change that in the future; I only promise
+	input range capabilities.
+
+	History: Added May 3, 2020
++/
+auto randomDirectionCycle(int cycleCount = 1) {
+	Point[] all = new Point[](cycleCount * 4);
+	foreach(c; 0 .. cycleCount)
+		all[c * 4 .. c * 4 + 4] = directions()[];
+
+	import std.random;
+	return all.randomShuffle;
+}
+
+/++
+	Represents a 2d grid like an array. To encapsulate the whole `[y*width + x]` thing.
+
+	History:
+		Added May 3, 2020
++/
+struct Grid(T) {
+	private Size size_;
+	private T[] array;
+
+	pure @safe nothrow:
+
+	/// Creates a new GC-backed array
+	this(Size size) {
+		this.size_ = size;
+		array = new T[](size.area);
+	}
+
+	/// ditto
+	this(int width, int height) {
+		this(Size(width, height));
+	}
+
+	@nogc:
+
+	/// Wraps an existing array.
+	this(T[] array, Size size) {
+		assert(array.length == size.area);
+		this.array = array;
+		this.size_ = size;
+	}
+
+	@property {
+		///
+		inout(Size) size() inout { return size_; }
+		///
+		int width() const { return size.width; }
+		///
+		int height() const { return size.height; }
+	}
+
+	/// Slice operation gives a view into the underlying 1d array.
+	inout(T)[] opIndex() inout {
+		return array;
+	}
+
+	///
+	ref inout(T) opIndex(int x, int y) inout {
+		return array[y * width + x];
+	}
+
+	///
+	ref inout(T) opIndex(const Point pt) inout {
+		return this.opIndex(pt.x, pt.y);
+	}
+	// T[] opSlice
+
+	///
+	bool inBounds(int x, int y) const {
+		return x >= 0 && y >= 0 && x < width && y < height;
+	}
+
+	///
+	bool inBounds(const Point pt) const {
+		return inBounds(pt.x, pt.y);
+	}
+
+	/// Supports `if(point in grid) {}`
+	bool opBinaryRight(string op : "in")(Point pt) const {
+		return inBounds(pt);
+	}
+}
+
+/++
+	Directions as a maskable bit flag.
+
+	History: Added May 3, 2020
++/
+enum DirFlag : ubyte {
+	N = 4,
+	S = 8,
+	W = 1,
+	E = 2
+}
+
+/++
+	History: Added May 3, 2020
++/
+DirFlag dirFlag(Dir dir) {
+	assert(dir.x >= -1 && dir.x <= 1);
+	assert(dir.y >= -1 && dir.y <= 1);
+
+
+	/+
+		(-1 + 3) / 2 = 2 / 2 = 1
+		(1 + 3) / 2  = 4 / 2 = 2
+
+		So the al-gore-rhythm is
+			(x + 3) / 2
+				which is aka >> 1
+			  or
+			((y + 3) / 2) << 2
+				which is aka >> 1 << 2 aka << 1
+		So:
+			1 = left
+			2 = right
+			4 = up
+			8 = down
+	+/
+
+	ubyte dirFlag;
+	if(dir.x) dirFlag |= ((dir.x + 3) >> 1);
+	if(dir.y) dirFlag |= ((dir.y + 3) << 1);
+	return cast(DirFlag) dirFlag;
+}
+
+// this is public but like i don't want do document it since it can so easily fail the asserts.
+DirFlag dirFlag(Point dir) {
+	return dirFlag(cast(Dir) dir);
+}
+
+/++
+	Generates a maze.
+
+	The returned array is a grid of rooms, with a bit flag pattern of directions you can travel from each room. See [DirFlag] for bits.
+
+	History: Added May 3, 2020
++/
+Grid!ubyte generateMaze(int mazeWidth, int mazeHeight) {
+	import std.random;
+
+	Point[] cells;
+	cells ~= Point(uniform(0, mazeWidth), uniform(0, mazeHeight));
+
+	auto grid = Grid!ubyte(mazeWidth, mazeHeight);
+
+	Point[4] directions = .directions;
+
+	while(cells.length) {
+		auto index = cells.length - 1; // could also be 0 or uniform or whatever too
+		Point p = cells[index];
+		bool added;
+		foreach(dir; directions[].randomShuffle) {
+			auto n = p + dir;
+			if(n !in grid)
+				continue;
+
+			if(grid[n])
+				continue;
+
+			grid[p] |= dirFlag(dir);
+			grid[n] |= dirFlag(dir * -1);
+
+			cells ~= n;
+
+			added = true;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if(!added) {
+			foreach(i; index .. cells.length - 1)
+				cells[index] = cells[index + 1];
+			cells = cells[0 .. $-1];
+		}
+	}
+
+	return grid;
+}
+
+
+/++
+	Implements the A* path finding algorithm on a grid.
+
+	Params:
+		start = starting point on the grid
+		goal = destination point on the grid
+		size = size of the grid
+		isPassable = used to determine if the tile at the given coordinates are passible
+		d = weight function to the A* algorithm. If null, assumes all will be equal weight. Returned value must be greater than or equal to 1.
+		h = heuristic function to the A* algorithm. Gives an estimation of how many steps away the goal is from the given point to speed up the search. If null, assumes "taxicab distance"; the number of steps based solely on distance without diagonal movement. If you want to disable this entirely, pass `p => 0`.
+	Returns:
+		A list of waypoints to reach the destination, or `null` if impossible. The waypoints are returned in reverse order, starting from the goal and working back to the start.
+
+		So to get to the goal from the starting point, follow the returned array in $(B backwards).
+
+		The waypoints will not necessarily include every step but also may not only list turns, but if you follow
+		them you will get get to the destination.
+
+	Bugs:
+		The current implementation uses more memory than it really has to; it will eat like 8 MB of scratch space RAM on a 512x512 grid.
+
+		It doesn't consider wraparound possible so it might ask you to go all the way around the world unnecessarily.
+
+	History:
+		Added May 2, 2020.
++/
+Point[] pathfind(Point start, Point goal, Size size, scope bool delegate(Point) isPassable, scope int delegate(Point, Point) d = null, scope int delegate(Point) h = null) {
+
+	Point[] reconstruct_path(scope Point[] cameFrom, Point current) {
+		Point[] totalPath;
+		totalPath ~= current;
+
+		auto cf = cameFrom[current.y * size.width + current.x];
+		while(cf != Point(int.min, int.min)) {
+			current = cf;
+			cf = cameFrom[current.y * size.width + current.x];
+			totalPath ~= current;
+		}
+		return totalPath;
+	}
+
+	// weighting thing.....
+	static int d_default(Point a, Point b) {
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if(d is null)
+		d = (Point a, Point b) => d_default(a, b);
+
+	if(h is null)
+		h = (Point a) { return abs(a.y - goal.x) + abs(a.y - goal.y); };
+
+	Point[] openSet = [start];
+
+	Point[] cameFrom = new Point[](size.area);
+	cameFrom[] = Point(int.min, int.min);
+
+	int[] gScore = new int[](size.area);
+	gScore[] = int.max;
+	gScore[start.y * size.width + start.x] = 0;
+
+	int[] fScore = new int[](size.area);
+	fScore[] = int.max;
+	fScore[start.y * size.width + start.x] = h(start);
+
+	while(openSet.length) {
+		Point current;
+		size_t currentIdx;
+		int currentFscore = int.max;
+		foreach(idx, pt; openSet) {
+			auto p = fScore[pt.y * size.width + pt.x];
+			if(p <= currentFscore) {
+				currentFscore = p;
+				current = pt;
+				currentIdx = idx;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if(current == goal) {
+/+
+import std.stdio;
+foreach(y; 0 .. size.height)
+	writefln("%(%02d,%)", gScore[y * size.width .. y * size.width + size.width]);
++/
+			return reconstruct_path(cameFrom, current);
+		}
+
+		openSet[currentIdx] = openSet[$-1];
+		openSet = openSet[0 .. $-1];
+
+		Point[4] neighborsBuffer;
+		int neighborsBufferLength = 0;
+
+		if(current.x + 1 < size.width && isPassable(current + Point(1, 0)))
+			neighborsBuffer[neighborsBufferLength++] = current + Point(1, 0);
+		if(current.x && isPassable(current + Point(-1, 0)))
+			neighborsBuffer[neighborsBufferLength++] = current + Point(-1, 0);
+		if(current.y && isPassable(current + Point(0, -1)))
+			neighborsBuffer[neighborsBufferLength++] = current + Point(0, -1);
+		if(current.y + 1 < size.height && isPassable(current + Point(0, 1)))
+			neighborsBuffer[neighborsBufferLength++] = current + Point(0, 1);
+
+		foreach(neighbor; neighborsBuffer[0 .. neighborsBufferLength]) {
+			auto tentative_gScore = gScore[current.y * size.width + current.x] + d(current, neighbor);
+			if(tentative_gScore < gScore[neighbor.y * size.width + neighbor.x]) {
+				cameFrom[neighbor.y * size.width + neighbor.x] = current;
+				gScore[neighbor.y * size.width + neighbor.x] = tentative_gScore;
+				fScore[neighbor.y * size.width + neighbor.x] = tentative_gScore + h(neighbor);
+				// this linear thing might not be so smart after all
+				bool found = false;
+				foreach(o; openSet)
+					if(o == neighbor) { found = true; break; }
+				if(!found)
+					openSet ~= neighbor;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return null;
+}