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Паттерн "Наблюдатель" определяет отношение "один-ко-многим" между объектами таким образом, что при изменении состояния одного объекта происходит автоматическое оповещение и обновление всех зависимых объектов.
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При использовании паттерна возможен как запрос, так и активная доставка данных от субъекта (запрос считается более "правильным").
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*Принцип:*
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- Слабосвязанные структуры более гибки и лучше выдерживают изменения.
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/*
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* CurrentConditionsDisplay.hpp
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*
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* Created on: 31 окт. 2021 г.
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* Author: alexander
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*/
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#pragma once
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#include "Observer.hpp"
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#include "DisplayElement.hpp"
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#include "WeatherData.hpp"
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class CurrentConditionsDisplay: public Observer, public DisplayElement
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{
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private:
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float temperature;
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float humidity;
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WeatherData &weatherData;
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public:
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CurrentConditionsDisplay(WeatherData &weatherData) :
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temperature(0.0), humidity(0.0), weatherData(weatherData)
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{
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weatherData.registerObserver(*this);
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}
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void update(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure) override
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{
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this->temperature = temperature;
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this->humidity = humidity;
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display();
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}
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void display() const override
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{
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std::cout << "Current conditions: " << temperature << "F degrees and " << humidity << "% humidity" << std::endl;
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}
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};
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/*
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* DisplayElement.hpp
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*
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* Created on: 31 окт. 2021 г.
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* Author: alexander
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*/
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#pragma once
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class DisplayElement
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{
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public:
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virtual void display() const = 0;
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virtual ~DisplayElement() {}
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};
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/*
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* ForecastDisplay.hpp
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*
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* Created on: 31 окт. 2021 г.
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* Author: alexander
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*/
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#pragma once
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#include "Observer.hpp"
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#include "DisplayElement.hpp"
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#include "WeatherData.hpp"
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class ForecastDisplay: public Observer, public DisplayElement
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{
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private:
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float currentPressure;
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float lastPressure;
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WeatherData &weatherData;
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public:
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ForecastDisplay(WeatherData &weatherData) :
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currentPressure(29.92), lastPressure(0.0), weatherData(weatherData)
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{
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weatherData.registerObserver(*this);
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}
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void update(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure) override
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{
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this->lastPressure = this->currentPressure;
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this->currentPressure = pressure;
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display();
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}
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void display() const override
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{
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std::cout << "Forecast: ";
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if (currentPressure > lastPressure) {
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std::cout << "Improving weather on the way!";
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} else if (currentPressure == lastPressure) {
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std::cout << "More of the same";
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} else if (currentPressure < lastPressure) {
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std::cout << "Watch out for cooler, rainy weather";
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}
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std::cout << std::endl;
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}
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};
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/*
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* HeatIndexDisplay.hpp
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*
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* Created on: 31 окт. 2021 г.
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* Author: alexander
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*/
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#pragma once
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#include "Observer.hpp"
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#include "DisplayElement.hpp"
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#include "WeatherData.hpp"
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class HeatIndexDisplay: public Observer, public DisplayElement
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{
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private:
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float heatIndex;
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WeatherData &weatherData;
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float computeHeatIndex(float t, float rh)
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{
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float index = (float) ((16.923 + (0.185212 * t) + (5.37941 * rh) - (0.100254 * t * rh) + (0.00941695 * (t * t)) + (0.00728898 * (rh * rh))
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+ (0.000345372 * (t * t * rh)) - (0.000814971 * (t * rh * rh)) + (0.0000102102 * (t * t * rh * rh)) - (0.000038646 * (t * t * t))
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+ (0.0000291583 * (rh * rh * rh)) + (0.00000142721 * (t * t * t * rh)) + (0.000000197483 * (t * rh * rh * rh))
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- (0.0000000218429 * (t * t * t * rh * rh)) + 0.000000000843296 * (t * t * rh * rh * rh))
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- (0.0000000000481975 * (t * t * t * rh * rh * rh)));
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return index;
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}
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public:
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HeatIndexDisplay(WeatherData &weatherData) : heatIndex(0.0), weatherData(weatherData)
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{
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weatherData.registerObserver(*this);
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}
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void update(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure) override
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{
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heatIndex = computeHeatIndex(temperature, humidity);
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display();
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}
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void display() const override
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{
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std::cout << "Heat index is " << heatIndex << std::endl;
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}
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};
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/*
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* Observer.hpp
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*
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* Created on: 31 окт. 2021 г.
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* Author: alexander
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*/
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#pragma once
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class Observer
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{
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public:
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virtual void update(float temp, float humidity, float pressure) = 0;
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virtual ~Observer() {}
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};
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/*
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* StaticDisplay.hpp
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*
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* Created on: 31 окт. 2021 г.
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* Author: alexander
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*/
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#include "Observer.hpp"
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#include "DisplayElement.hpp"
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#include "WeatherData.hpp"
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class StaticDisplay: public Observer, public DisplayElement
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{
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private:
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float maxTemp;
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float minTemp;
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float tempSum;
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int numReadings;
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WeatherData &weatherData;
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public:
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StaticDisplay(WeatherData &weatherData) :
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maxTemp(0.0), minTemp(200.0), tempSum(0.0), numReadings(0), weatherData(weatherData)
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{
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weatherData.registerObserver(*this);
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}
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void update(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure) override
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{
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this->tempSum += temperature;
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this->numReadings++;
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if (temperature > this->maxTemp) {
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this->maxTemp = temperature;
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}
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if (temperature < this->minTemp) {
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this->minTemp = temperature;
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}
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display();
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}
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void display() const override
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{
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std::cout << "Avg/Max/Min temperature = " << (tempSum / numReadings)
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<< "/" << maxTemp << "/" << minTemp << std::endl;
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}
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};
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/*
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* Subject.hpp
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*
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* Created on: 31 окт. 2021 г.
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* Author: alexander
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*/
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#pragma once
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#include "Observer.hpp"
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class Subject
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{
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public:
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virtual void registerObserver(Observer &o) = 0;
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virtual void removeObserver(Observer &o) = 0;
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virtual void notifyObservers() = 0;
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virtual ~Subject() {}
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};
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@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
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/*
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* WeatherData.hpp
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*
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* Created on: 31 окт. 2021 г.
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* Author: alexander
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*/
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#pragma once
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#include "Subject.hpp"
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#include <list>
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#include <functional>
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#include <iostream>
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class WeatherData: public Subject
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{
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private:
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std::list<std::reference_wrapper<Observer>> observers;
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float temperature;
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float humidity;
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float pressure;
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public:
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void registerObserver(Observer &o) override
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{
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observers.push_back(o);
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}
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void removeObserver(Observer &o) override
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{
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observers.erase(std::find_if(observers.cbegin(), observers.cend(), [&](const std::reference_wrapper<Observer> &item)
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{
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return &item.get() == &o;
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}));
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std::cout << "Осталось в листе: " << observers.size() << " элементов" << std::endl;
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}
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void notifyObservers() override
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{
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for (Observer &observer : observers)
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{
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observer.update(temperature, humidity, pressure);
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}
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}
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void measurementsChanged()
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{
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notifyObservers();
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}
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void setMeasurements(float temperature, float humidity, float pressure)
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{
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this->temperature = temperature;
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this->humidity = humidity;
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this->pressure = pressure;
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measurementsChanged();
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}
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float getTemperature()
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{
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return temperature;
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}
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float getHumidity()
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{
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return humidity;
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}
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float getPressure()
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{
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return pressure;
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}
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};
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@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
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/*
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* main.cpp
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*
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* Created on: 31 окт. 2021 г.
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* Author: alexander
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*/
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#include "WeatherData.hpp"
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#include "CurrentConditionsDisplay.hpp"
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#include "StaticDisplay.hpp"
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#include "ForecastDisplay.hpp"
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#include "HeatIndexDisplay.hpp"
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int main()
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{
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WeatherData weatherData;
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CurrentConditionsDisplay currentDisplay(weatherData);
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StaticDisplay staticDisplay(weatherData);
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ForecastDisplay forecastDisplay(weatherData);
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HeatIndexDisplay heatIndexDisplay(weatherData);
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weatherData.setMeasurements(80, 65, 30.4f);
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weatherData.setMeasurements(82, 70, 29.2f);
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weatherData.setMeasurements(78, 90, 29.2f);
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return 0;
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}
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@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
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// interface
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class Subject
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{
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public:
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virtual void registerObserver() = 0;
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virtual void removeObserver() = 0;
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virtual void notifyObserver() = 0;
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};
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class Observer
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{
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public:
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virtual void update() = 0;
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};
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// classes
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class ConcreteSubject : public Subject
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{
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public:
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void getState();
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void setState();
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};
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class ConcreteObserver : public Observer
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{
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public:
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};
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